The era of palace coups: the table.

important and interesting stage in the history of Russia was the period from 1725 to 1762.During this time, it was replaced six monarchs, each of which were certain political forces.VOKlyuchevskii aptly called it so - the era of palace coups.The table in this article will help to better understand the course of events.The change of power is usually held by intrigue, betrayal and murder.

It all started with the sudden death of Peter I. He left the "Charter of succession" (1722) by which the authorities could lay claim to a large number of people.

end of this troubled epoch is considered to be the rise to power of Catherine II.Its board of many historians consider the era of enlightened absolutism.

Background palace coups

The main reason for all the previous events were contradictions between the groups with respect to a variety of noble succession.They were united only in the fact that the reforms should make a temporary stop.Such a break every one of them had seen in his own way.Also, all the groups equally eager nobles eager for power.So the era of palace coups, the table below, are limited only by the change of leadership.

already mentioned the decision of Peter I with respect to the succession.He broke the traditional mechanism by which power is transferred from the monarch to the senior representative of the male line.

Peter I did not want to see themselves on the throne after his son because he was an opponent of reform.So he decided that the monarch will be able to call their own candidate.However, he died, leaving the paper the phrase "Give me all ...".

masses were alienated from politics, the nobles could not share the throne - State swept the struggle for power.Thus began the era of palace coups.The scheme, the table will allow better blood ties to track all pretenders to the throne.

coup in 1725 (Ekaterina A.)

At this time formed two rival groups.The first consisted of A. Osterman and Menshikov.They sought to transfer power to the widow of Peter I to Catherine Alexeevna.

second group, which included the Duke of Holstein, wanted to build on the throne of Peter II (the son and grandson Alexei Peter I).

clear predominance had Menshikov, who was able to win support for the Guard to sit on the throne of Catherine I. However, it has not had the ability to manage the state, so in 1726 was created by the Great Privy Council.He became the supreme government body.

facto ruler was Menshikov.He subdued the Council and enjoyed the unlimited confidence of the Empress.He was also one of the leading figures when changing rulers era of palace coups (Table explains everything).

The accession of Peter II in 1727

Board Catherine I lasted just over two years.After her death, the question of the succession once again looming over the state.

This time, "Holstein group" headed by Anna Petrovna.She initiated a plot against Alexander Menshikov and A. Osterman, which ended unsuccessfully.Sovereign was voted young Peter.His mentor and teacher became A. Osterman.However, he failed to have the desired influence on the monarch, although it is still enough to prepare and carry out the overthrow of Menshikov in 1727.

reign of Anna Ivanovna 1730

Peter II remained on the throne for three years and died.Once again, the main question becomes: "Who will take the throne?".So continued era of palace coups.The table below shows what is happening.

the arena events appear Dolgoruky, who will attempt to reign Catherine Dolgoruky.She was engaged to Peter II.

attempt failed, and his contender nominated Golitsyn.She was Anna Ivanovna.Crowned it was only after the signing of the Conditions by the Supreme Privy Council, which is not yet lost its influence.

condition limited the power of the monarch.Soon Empress breaks it has signed the documents and returns the autocracy.The question of the succession to the throne, she decides in advance.Not being able to get their own children, she announced to the future heir of his baby niece.He will know how Peter III.

However, by 1740 at the Elizabeth and the genus Welf born son John, who in two months became monarch immediately after the death of Anna Ivanovna.His regent Biron recognized.

1740 coup and Minich

Board regent lasted two weeks.The coup was organized by Field Marshal Munnich.It supported the Guard, which arrested Biron and appointed regent of the child's mother.

woman was not able to run the state, and all in their hands took Munnich.It subsequently replaced A. Osterman.He sent the resignation of Field Marshal.The era of palace coups (table shown below) has joined these rulers.

The accession of Elizabeth in 1741 with

November 25, 1741 took another coup.He passed quickly and without bloodshed, the power was in the hands of Elizabeth, daughter of Peter I. She raised a guard for a short speech and declared himself the Empress.He helps her in this Count Vorontsov.

juvenile ex-Emperor and his mother was imprisoned in the fortress.Munnich, Ostermann, Levenvolde were sentenced to death, but it was replaced with a link to Siberia.Terms

Elizabeth more than 20 years.

coming to power of Peter III

Elizabeth saw a relative of his father's successor.So she brought from Holstein nephew.He was given the name of Peter III, he converted to Orthodoxy.The Empress was not happy with the character of the future heir.In an effort to rectify the situation, it is put to him teachers, but it did not help.

for procreation Elizabeth married him at the German Princess Sofia, which will be Catherine the Great.They had two children - a son Paul and daughter Anna.

before Elizabeth's death will be advised to appoint a successor of Paul.However, she did not dare to do so.After her death, the throne passed to his nephew.His policy was very unpopular both among the people and among the nobility.At the same time after the death of Elizabeth, he was in no hurry to be crowned.This was the reason for a coup by his wife Catherine, which had long hung over the threat of divorce (it is often said the emperor).It officially ended the era palace coup (table contains additional information about the children's nickname Empress).

June 28, 1762.The reign of Catherine II

becoming the wife of Peter Fedorovich, Catherine began to study Russian language and traditions.It quickly assimilate new information.It helped her to escape after two unsuccessful pregnancies and that the long-awaited son Paul took her immediately after birth.She saw him only after 40 days.He was brought up Elisabeth.She dreamed of becoming empress.This opportunity she had, as Peter Fedorovich failed coronation.Elizabeth took advantage of the support of the guards and overthrew her husband.Most likely, he was killed, but the official version was called death by colic.

Her reign lasted 34 years.She refused to become regent for her son and gave him the throne only after his death.Her reign belongs to the era of enlightened absolutism.Over all briefly presented the table "palace coup."

Summarized information

coming to power, ending the era of Catherine palace coup.The table does not consider the emperors, after the ruling, although Paul left the throne as a result of a conspiracy.

In order to better understand what is happening around, consider the events and people associated with them, by summarizing information on "The era of palace coups" (briefly).

Table of palace revolutions vividly describes the main events of the time.

Results era of palace coups

palace coup confined to the struggle for power.They were not carrying a change in the political and social spheres.The nobility divided among themselves the right to rule, as a result of 37 years have been six rulers.

Socio-economic stabilization has been associated with Elizabeth I and Catherine II.They were able to achieve some success in the foreign policy of the state.