Today, even funny to find out who first created this kind of small arms, like an automaton.Mankind moved to this invention specifically.First came the rapid-monster-machine guns, and then in different countries have designed a compact submachine gun, and then, by the end of the Second World War, became a vital new class of weapons known as assault rifles, later - machine.Contemporaries who are interested in issues of military and technical history, known for the most famous names of the era of designers, immortalized in the title of their deadly creations.Thompson, Schmeiser, Shpagin Degtyarev, Kalashnikov.Automatic Sudaeva AC-44 looks like and AK, and StG-44, which gave food for thought that the Germans supposedly first design borrowed one of our designer, and then he, in turn, it has copied the other.Especially in this version insist those little versed in the art, but are prone to worship of all Western.
Who is the Court's
Alexei Ivanovich Born in 1912, in Sura (Simbirsk).With fifteen years as a mechanic, then he studied at the college, after working on a vehicle whose construction.Ingenuity engaged since 1933, with the first projects it has some fantastic nature (for its time), in particular, it was proposed to use the infrared rays to automatic control of machine-gun fire.While serving in the army of Sudan seriously interested in weapons.Then there was the Institute in Gorky, the first creative success, Dzerzhinsky Academy.Protection of degree work was in German, the language of the probable opponent cadet learned between classes on the basic course.Topic - Project LMG.
Military Engineer 3rd rank AI Sudaevu instructed to simplify the anti-aircraft guns, and he coped with the task of abolishing many details, was unnecessary, this work has been very useful in the dramatic months of the initial phase of the war.But the most significant contribution was the designer submachine gun PPS-43.He deserves a separate section, and about Alexey known that the man he was very humble, did not even like to be photographed, preserved only in photographs for documents, and they are not the best quality.
In its short 34-year life of this talented engineer has achieved a lot.One of his masterpieces was the AS-44.Automatic Sudaeva in many ways ahead of its time, but unfortunately, the author has not had time to "bring."
Excellent PPS-43
In fact, the concept of "machine pistol" and "machine" is very relative.In art, and sometimes popular technical literature is rarely shared by these terms.German and Soviet soldiers authors often "arm" machine guns, while the P-40 and PCA - the classic sub-machine guns.The difference is in the format of the munition.For almost the entire war, and the Wehrmacht and the Red Army were armed with automatic samples intended for the use of short pistol cartridges.This allows you to wear the lighter ammunition, which is very important for the infantry.The debate about which of submachine guns (or machine, if you will) was the best, the MP-40, or PCA, did not abate for a long time.
And the answer to that question, according to many experts, completely unexpected.The best recognized in the war machine AI Sudaeva - submachine gun PPS-43.He was the easy, reliable, compact, that they were armed marines, paratroopers, scouts and front-line soldiers.It was a real masterpiece that really copied after the war in many countries as the official (under license), as well as pirated.
emergence of a new class of small arms
PPS-43 - automatic Sudaeva 1943.AC-44 proposed by the army, as is evident from its index, about a few months, and this pattern was different from the previous model in principle.Firstly, it is designed for so-called intermediate cartridge 7.62mm caliber, smaller than a rifle, but far superior to the power of a pistol.Second, the design of it was quite different.Actually, the question was revised architecture really is a German Hugo Schmeisser, first formulated the concept of "rapid-assault rifle" in 1944.It was a sample StG-44, representing a cross between a machine gun and submachine gun.Automatic Sudaeva AC-44 resembles the outline of it, and there are reasons.
about deceptive appearance
Many technical patterns are similar to each other.Modern cars, for example, it is difficult to discern, and fighter planes as well.The appearance is dictated by the technical requirements to design issues engineers are pragmatic, choosing the most rational option.Automatic AC-44 design AI Sudaeva resembles "Schmeisser" and an AK-47, first, curved horn shop, secondly, pistol grip, and thirdly, the high beauty spot.However, you just open the cover of the receiver, and will become apparent full of unique internal mechanism.But first things first.
Shop
first thing that is associated with other samples in the eyes of the uninitiated observer - a form of horns.
arrangements of ammunition in the store is not too much.Drive is convenient and compact, but the weapon becomes three-dimensional, and it is not so comfortable to wear.The edge of the store rests in the back on long marches this contributes to fatigue fighter.Straight shape (as in the German MP-40) is possible, but only if it contains pistol cartridges having a geometry close to cylindrical.And StG-44 and AK-47s and machine Sudaeva AS-44 set (in basic version) curved arcuate horn.This is due to the conical (roughly) form an intermediate cartridge.In this decision, there is nothing strange, alone expediency.By the way, the priority of the invention, the curved arc of a double-row box magazine, colloquially, "horn", does not belong to the German Hugo Schmeisser is somehow accepted as the mechanics of Russian gunsmiths Fedorov.Dated 1916 patent.This, by the way, for the advocates of the theory of "Western technical genius".
handle
Fashion - lady capricious, it touches on very different, sometimes unexpected areas of human activity.If the Soviet submachine gunner, armed with PCA was shooting, "aiming in rifle," the soldiers of the Wehrmacht kept his MP-40 right hand like a gun.By and large, big deal it had, but the samples of the new generation in the majority provided for just such a structure of the general layout.As it is made and the machine Sudaeva arr.1944 The proximity of the store with a handle is dictated by the requirements of compliance with the center-mass balance.
front sight and sight
Yes, fly high, like StG-44.This form of the impact site is given top location of the vapor tube.The trunk is lower rib attached to the back of the lid of the box, and if the fly is small, it "falls" out of sight of the shooter.This lack of alignment lock stock and barrel channel proposed Sudaevym was the original decision.As a result, output has decreased, and increased accuracy.According to these indicators AS exceeds the vaunted German Schmeisser.
similarity silhouettes, in general, can only serve as an argument for those who are not familiar with the specifics of weapons design, and in particular with the technological methods of production.Find scheme, the implementation of which the mass production will be trouble-free, but still such that as a result of the quality and performance characteristics remained strong - that's the main task of the modern engineer.Create a simple and good is always much more difficult than to make a separate, even perfect, but a complex pattern.
comparing AC and AC
Priority weapons technology at all difficult question.Using other people's ideas in this particular field of activity it is not seen as something shameful.Each sample arms in varying degrees, is the result of compilation of the most successful units and mechanisms previously used.
Without questioning the merits of Mikhail Kalashnikov, who created the most massive machine in the history of mankind, should be noted, however, that some technical solutions he borrowed from Alexei Ivanovich Sudaeva.In some, the most general sense, the AC-44 - the forerunner of the AK-47.You can start with the very principle of the use of force powder gases to create conditions for the next shot.However, still fixing the gas piston to the slide frame applied in 1927 constructor Degtyaryov when designing his machine gun."Kalash" and "court" have another thing in common technological, both samples manufacturing the receiver is produced by stamping.Perhaps lived a constructor AS longer, he would have thought up other ways to simplify the technology during the war he personally oversaw the process of assembling multiple PPP and make proposals for improvement.But so everything was fate that it was Mikhail Kalashnikov was able to bring his creation to that elegant simplicity, thanks to which it has become a symbol of the era.
Features and difficult choices
Automatic Sudaeva AC-44 with appropriate structural fine-tuning could be a major example of the Soviet Army, but the author's untimely death in 1946 did not give his true plans.In 1944 it underwent a series of tests of two variants of the sample, which revealed some shortcomings (mainly low reliability of the impactor and the ejector) to be eliminated.Weight of machine in various modifications was about 5.5 kg.Magazine capacity of 30 rounds, range precision fire - up to eight meters.At the armed AC-44 and I did not share the fate of many other projects, including machines Rukavishnikova Bulkin, Korobov, Dementieva.What the designers had a lot, and had to choose just one sample.
