rapid development of mankind, the rapid and constant progress of science and technology require the formation of a special style of speech that is best suited for the expression and transmission of scientific knowledge.Thus was formed one of the main functional variations of literary language - scientific style.
This style is characterized by the pursuit of accuracy of naming: dominated terms unambiguous words, the direct meaning of words.Mainly scientific style of speech used in writing, which leads to the inevitable use full sentences structures.
language of science acts as a message;it acts only as a language-mark.Thus, the scientist summarizes their observations using the concepts of abstraction and gives information about the subject.Scientific style of speech, as an instrument of creating formulas, concepts and the like, to the burden of speech means that lack of individual emotion, and the characters that have a scientific and logical characteristics and properties, the system interconnection and abstract convention.
However, scientific style of speech is not limited to the imagery - scientists often use the comparison, seeking to explain some particular thought lucidly.Again, scientific texts found enough speech elements that express the author's subjective attitude to the object of speech.However, it does not make subjective imagery and essential features of this style.
main objective of the scientific style is very clear and precise explanation of the reported information to the reader.This is best achieved without the involvement of emotional speech means.After all, science is drawn primarily to the mind of man, not to his senses.
main features of scientific style of speech:
1. The use of scientific and technical works, scientific presentations (reports, lectures, etc.).
2. The objectives of the style of a particular message of common basic features of the subject, the explanation of the causes of phenomena.
3. The characteristic features of the style.The statement is usually:
--abstract generalizations (described wolf in general, as a breed),
- emphasized logical (the semantic relations and conclusions),
- objective (indication of references, quotations, analyzing different points of view),
- evidence (reasoning, Saturation factual information).
4. Language means:
- use the word book and neutral with abstraction and generalization value: humanity, nature;resistance, a magnet and so forth.
- Scientific terms (including a lot of international words): prefix equation, electricity, figure.
-Upotreblenie constituent unions: in view of the fact that, due to the fact that, whereas the others.
-Use verb first-person plural pronoun we (the author's us): compare and draw conclusions.
- Verbs in the form of a third person present, who represent a constant (timeless) action: penguins live at the South Pole.
- Use common declarative sentences.
- often expressed predicate noun or adjective.
orally, using a neutral tone, a clear, complete utterance of words characterize scientific style of speech.Examples of this style can be found in textbooks, dictionaries, scientific papers, articles and other matters:
thesis - a position that summarizes the main ideas of lectures, reports, scientific articles and other things.Abstracts should include only the main provisions of the scientific message that is written in the form of approving judgment or in the form of transfer phenomena.Abstracts may be drawn from citations, or formulated separately, possible quotes and compound reformulated judgment.Specific facts are usually not included in the thesis.The main quality of the thesis is its semantic richness and accessibility for perception.
