The Republic of Cuba is a large island nation located in the waters of the Caribbean Sea.In the territorial structure of the country includes a number of small archipelagos like Antillean and Youth.General terrestrial borders with any state does not have.It located in close proximity to North America.Capital - the city of Havana.Since 1945 is a member of the United Nations.
population
History In ancient times the territory of modern Cuban Indians lived.In the autumn of 1492 their rest disturbed expedition led by Columbus.For a long time between Europeans and the indigenous tribes there was a fierce war for land.It was only in 1511 Diego Velázquez managed to subdue the local population of Cuba.Soon the island was built a fort Baracoa.
Gradually, the number of settlements in Europe is growing.Nevertheless, the Indians did not want to give in secret their land to outsiders, and repeatedly attacked the new colonies.By the end of 1520 the number of victims among the local people has exceeded one million.What is the population of Cuba was at the time?Based on historical records, it was about 1.8 million people.The early 19th century on the territory of the island colonies appeared radical group of patriots.It was aimed at secession from Spain.The fight for independence began in 1868 and lasted exactly 30 years.With alternating success over the reins temporarily passed from hand to hand.Several times peace treaty was signed, but he acted only on paper.
In 1898, the US Army has helped Cuba gain independence status.Since then, the country began a fierce struggle for power.Every few years, shook the island nation of new military and revolutionary upheavals.From 1953 to 2006.Cuba was the head of the great dictator Fidel Castro.He is remembered not only successful reforms, but also confrontation with the CIA.At the moment the country is led by Fidel's younger brother Raul Castro.
Geographic features
Cuba is located near the border of North and South America.The structure of republic includes the largest island in the West Indies.This is the Isla de la Juventud, which adjoin still about a thousand coral reefs.Coastal boundary Cuba is convenient for both large and small vessels.There are dozens of large coves and ports.For adjoining areas characterized by bays and coral obrazovaniya.Ploschad republic is about 111 thousand square meters.km.An aerial view of the island resembles a huge lizard whose head is turned to the North Pole.From the south, the country is washed by the Caribbean Sea to the west and north - the Gulf of Mexico, from the east - the Atlantic Ocean.Nearest point of the island to the border with the United States is at a distance of 180 km from the mainland.It separates the state Florida Straits.The closest to Cuba and Haiti are located island of Jamaica.
mountain system covers a third of the country.The highest point is the Turquino Peak - 1972 m.
What attracts
Cuba climate is tropical, so the average temperature rarely exceeds 25 degrees.The coldest month of the year is January.The air temperature is 22 C when the summer figures slightly higher - up to +30 C. The water temperature is always stable 26 degrees.
As with all other islands, Cuba rains are commonplace.In the year of precipitation falls here up to 1400 mm.Nevertheless, always stable moderately hot weather every month attracts thousands of tourists.In addition, the island is constantly blown by pleasant wind, bringing with them fresh sea water is rich world vozduh.Zhivotny representatives: clams, shrimp, lobsters, strange fish.
population of the province
On the state system of Cuba is a unitary country.The entire republic is divided into administrative municipalities.This was done for political reasons.Today, as part of the country has 16 provinces.
considered the most populous city of Havana.The number of its inhabitants is around 2.3 million.Slightly less than the population of Cuba is represented in the provinces of Holguin and Santiago - a million people.Next in size are arranged such cities and islands as Granma, Camaguey, Pinar, Villa Clara and Havana area.Least of all people living in the province of Isla de la Juventud - a little more than 87,000 chelovek.Primechatelno that the smallest area is just the city of Havana - 725 square meters.km.The population density in this case 3 times higher than all other provinces combined.
Each municipality has its own executive and legislative bodies.
Population Republic
Most of the inhabitants of the islands - the Cuban people.The population is represented by descendants of the tribes siboneev, Arawak, Haitians guanahanabeev, Tainos, and others. However, to date the true indigenous inhabitants left little.Most of them were exterminated during wars with the Spaniards.
current Cuban population is a mixture of dozens of people from the Indians to the Europeans.In addition, in the 17-18 centuries were brought here by the Spaniards hundreds of thousands of African slaves.That is why the islands are so many dark-skinned people.For all of them, Cuba has long been the home of relatives.In the 19th century the islands were imported about 125 thousand Chinese.In the 20th century the population of Cuba was diluted with Americans.During World War II found refuge here, thousands of Jews.In 1953, more than 84% of the islanders proved to Caucasians.By 2012, the population of Cuba was about 11.16 million people.
number 2015
demographically over the past 10 years in the Caribbean waters of the leading place occupies the Republic of Cuba.The population of Cuba in the fall 2014 was about 11.23 million.The specialists noted a decrease in fertility and the influx of migrants to 0.1%.In addition, the country is constantly out working-age population, including young people.The main place of emigration remains the United States.
As of 2015 the population of Cuba is 11.22 million.According to experts, it is expected the negative demographic trend.Already at the moment the population has decreased by almost 12 thousand people.This is significant, because the birth rate in this year far exceeded mortality (18%).Consequently, for the negative trend is again the outflow of emigrants.According to statistics, in the 32 hours to leave the resident.Thus fertility is kept at 300 children per day.
aging population
British experts believed that Cuba is the only Latin American state, which in recent years have seen a decline in population.The demographic crisis in the country has been observed for several years.It is noted that the Cuban population and the number of its citizens directly affected by aging.The fact that the birth rate is falling every year, thus increasing the average age of living regiona.S the other hand, the country has a very solid level of health care.No wonder deaths each reporting period loses its usual pace.Today, Cuba is home to 18% of people over 60 years.Due to the mild maritime climate retired almost do not suffer from heart attacks and cancer.
Traditions locals
Cuban population are a very funny and creative people.A favorite pastime is music and dancing.In addition to public holidays, here are honored Valentine's Day and the Day of the parents.
Almost all Cubans year round hoarding the savings for what then enough to relax at the carnival in an elegant suit.Nightlife presented massive disco rhythms of salsa.
favorite thing older people are gatherings in the rocking chair with a glass of rum and Cuban cigars.
