located between the Sagittarius constellation Scorpio and Capricorn.It is interesting because it is the center of the galaxy.Another great point is the zodiacal constellation of the winter solstice.Sagittarius includes many stars.Some of them are quite bright.This constellation occupies a large area in the night sky.Since it involves a lot of myths and legends.In school, learn the constellations in the course "Astronomy" (Grade 11).But the curriculum is limited.And fans of the stars always want to gain more knowledge, not only about the constellations, but also about nebulae, and galaxies associated with them.
Sagittarius
Sagittarius is undoubtedly one of the most amazing and interesting constellations of the night sky.That it is removed about 30 thousand light years, the center of our galaxy.It is hidden behind a cloud of interstellar dust.Name the stars of the constellation Sagittarius the brightest in the sky, of course, impossible, but some of them reach a visual magnitude of 2.0, and are clearly distinguishable in the sky.
believed that in Sagittarius, you can watch the most beautiful part of the Milky Way.Here, even in the field glasses visible globular clusters and nebulae.The most interesting and, of course, the beautiful ones - is the Lagoon Nebula, and the Omega (sometimes called the Swan) and recently opened M20.Scientists have proven that Sagittarius is even a black hole, according to astrophysicists, it is located in the center of our galaxy.
So easy to find in the sky the constellation of Sagittarius.Photography is obtained using high-power telescopes help detect that is not visible to the naked eye.In the north-eastern part of the constellation with a good increase can be considered a dwarf galaxy.It is close to the Milky Way.The distance to this galaxy hazy irregular shape - about 1.7 million light years.By the way, it was still open in 1884 by scientists E. Barnard.
Naturally, all of the objects in the constellation of Sagittarius are at different distances from the solar system.Up to the nearest star - Ross 154 - just 9.69 light years.And it is on space standards are relatively close.So, we can say it's our neighbor.
constellation Sagittarius in the sky
This constellation is well visible in the night sky in the summer.It appears from the second decade of February, and you can observe it until November.The best conditions for observation - this summer.Then it disappears.Sun is in Sagittarius from 18 December to 18 January.A very interesting fact: it is the part of the constellation Sagittarius August 15, 1977 was adopted by the world-famous signal "Wow!"- Presumably from an alien civilization.
Myths constellation
Sagittarius is associated with two known in mythology Centaurs: Krotosom and Chiron.Almost all the atlases of the sky at all times is transferred pattern on which was depicted a creature with the torso of man and the body of the horse.As such it has been entered in the catalog of Claudius Ptolemy "Almagest".
most famous Greek myth of the constellation Sagittarius associates it with the wise Chiron, teacher and mentor of many heroes.It was believed that this centaur specifically for travel Argonauts invented the celestial globe.In it, he left the land for themselves.It is not difficult to guess that this constellation of Sagittarius, as it is a bow perfectly shot the centaur.But the unexpected happened: the cunning Krotos beat him and took his place.Well, Chiron had to settle for less than honorable constellation Centaurus.
constellation Sagittarius was included in the "Collection of Svyatoslav" back in 1073.Slavic tribes, it was known under its present name.
Lagoon Nebula
many cosmic mysteries of the constellation Sagittarius stores.Photos obtained with the telescope, have helped to study in detail the Lagoon Nebula, which is located in it.It can rightly be considered landmark summer sky.For those who like to watch the stars, this nebula may seem very interesting object.It can be seen even with binoculars.
Lagoon Nebula - the cradle for the stars.It zvezdoformiruyuschee accumulation of cosmic dust.It is oval in shape with a clearly discernible center.The nebula contains a cluster of stars, making it one of the most beautiful objects of the night sky of summer.It is remote from the solar system 5,200 light years.Contains globules - dark clouds prozvezdnogo material.
Nebula M20
course, not only stars in the constellations are of interest among fans of astronomy.Very interesting and nebulae.In the constellation of Sagittarius are several.But one of the most beautiful, certainly the nebula M20.It is the most interesting object to observe summer night, though, it can be seen through telescopes medium and large aperture.
The first thing that attracts attention - a few stars in the center of the brightest part of the nebula.Then it becomes obvious that this object like "broken."Visible black gap that separates the nebula in two parts.This dark area is shaped like the letter "T".With good magnification shows that Nebula consists of three parts.And next to it is another dimmer object.
Thus, Nebula M20 stasis represented by three main types: pink (emission), black (absorbing) and blue (reflective).
Alfa Sagittarius
stars of the constellation Sagittarius are not very bright.Probably, so fans of the night sky it is not very popular.This constellation is interesting that Alpha is not the brightest star.Yet it is visible and has its own name.
Rukbat - white-blue star.In Arabic its name means "knee."This alpha Sagittarius.From the solar system to the stars Rukbat approximately 71.4 parsecs.In the picture she is on the front left leg at the knee.Hence it got its name.The brightness of the alpha Sagittarius is considerably inferior to the star Kaus Australis.
star Kaus Australis
The brightest star in the constellation - Sagittarius is epsilon.Visible shine Kaus Australis - 1.79, which corresponds to the brilliance of the stars in the "scoop" of the Big Dipper.It is well visible to the naked eye, and it is easy to find in the night sky.The mystery of such a bright aurora was discovered by scientists in the mid-twentieth century.A detailed study of Sagittarius Upsilon was found that this double star.
Kaus Australis is translated as "the southern part of the onion" that indicates its position in the constellation diagram.This is the southernmost and the brightest star in the bow of Sagittarius, which consists of three objects.Onions form except Kaus Australis, two more stars.Astronomy - the science of how precise and creative, so, apart from the official name, the objects of the night sky are also personal names.Lambda and beta called Sagittarius respectively Kaus Borealis and Cowes Meridionalis.Together with the Upsilon they form a "bow."
triple star in the constellation of Sagittarius
Sagittarius are different stars.Astronomy has data on supergiants and dwarfs.But special attention to astrophysicists always given a triple star.They are very rare and therefore of interest.In the constellation of Sagittarius have a triple star - a Albaldah.From the solar system, it is removed at a distance of about 508 light-years.The star catalogs make it under the symbol "pi Sagittarius."
Albaldah - a very bright star.It is clearly visible to the naked eye, so well known since ancient times.The name she was given the Arab astronomers noticed her before our era.With the ancient Arabic word "Albaldah" is translated as "city".Perhaps they already knew, that this is not one, but three stars, which would explain the name.But confirmation of this fact could not be found.
Pi Sagittarius - a system of three stars.Chief among them is a yellow-white giant.The temperature of the surface - about 6590 degrees Kelvin.It is also interesting that the luminosity of this giant solar exceed a thousand times.Star is on the stage of evolution when its gravity and the internal pressure of losing stability.The yellow-white giant begins to expand and contract.About satellites Albaldaha virtually nothing is known.The nature of these stars has not yet disclosed.
Gamma Sagittarius
Sagittarius includes many more giants.However, not all of them are clearly visible to the naked eye.But not Alnasl.This star is located on the solar system at a distance of 96 light years.
Gamma Sagittarius is clearly visible in the sky on moonless nights.Therefore, it is known to scientists since ancient times.She is also unique in that it has not one, but two Arab names.The first - "Alnasl", which translates as "arrowhead".The second name of the star, "Nushbada", oddly enough, has the same meaning.
physical characteristics Alnasl - orange giant.Its surface temperature is approximately 4760 degrees Kelvin.Do stars satellite planets, like our Sun, has been established.So far, no sign of their presence is detected.
Star Sefdar - the Sagittarius
This is a double star, it is at a distance from the Sun, about 146 light-years.Sagittarius This has two names: the Arabic "Sefdar" ("violent warrior") and the Latin "Il Furoris" ("Blazing Fury").Until 1928, she was part of the constellation Telescope.Later, when the boundaries were revised, it attributed to Sagittarius.
