Sometimes good sometimes to think and understand the meaning of the key concepts underlying the existence of human society.In particular, such as "people" and "nation".These are fundamental definitions, without a clear understanding of which it is impossible to understand the regularities, which lives and develops human society.
What do they say about this classic
general idea of the national identity were different in different historical epochs.According to the current, verified encyclopedic definitions nation - a community of people, formed of the families and tribes have historically lived on what that particular territory.Peoples are characterized by the unity of language, customs, and general traditional culture, which may vary within certain limits.In accordance with the classical materialist theory of social development, it is assumed that the peoples of the world originated in the time of transition from the old to the tribal era slave and feudal type of organization of society.It is characteristic here is that on the ground there are territories, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South America, where people are living in the tribal system.In certain nationality they never formed.
nations and nationalities
With the development of trade and handicraft production gradually formed the capitalist system.With the development of capitalism is changing the social structure, greatly enhanced the concept of national identity.The people, united statehood, forming a single nation.It should be noted that in a single state can live peacefully and develop two or more nationalities.The concepts of nation and nationality are very close, but not always completely identical.A nation can include several ethnic groups, and the state - a few nations.The existence within their boundaries of one state is impossible without a language understood by all and a common cultural space.
Russian Empire
Russian state, with the expansion of its geographical borders, has incorporated in its composition a lot of big and small nations have historically lived in the territories annexed by the empire.The main constituent peoples has always been Russian.But many Russian nationalities within the empire not only were oppressed situation, but given the opportunity for national development and progress.According to the complexity of its ethnic composition of the Russian Empire was unequaled in the history of human civilization.Compete with it in this regard could only ancient Rome.The imperial state building understanding each nation - is an integral part of the whole.
Soviet Union
difficult and controversial was the national policy of the Soviet period of history.In the Stalin era, some of the nation were repressed and resettlement areas historically occupied by them.In many ways, the Soviet national policy resonated with the best traditions of the Russian Empire.Absolutely unique was the cultural policy of the Soviet Union, in terms of which each nation - is not just a part of a whole, but something unique.This was expressed in the financing and development of culture of small nations.But the most important difference was that the largest ethnic Russian government received their education in the form of union and autonomous republics within a single state.This approach is summed up the legal framework for future destruction of a single state.During the collapse of the Soviet Union, its collapse occurred right on the borders of the Union State.
Global trends in contemporary national and social development can be divided into two, at first glance, seemingly mutually exclusive trends.This nationalism and internationalism.Modern industrial production becomes increasingly ethnic character.Similar processes of global integration can not influence the way of life of different peoples.And the style of life and consumption of material goods an increasingly unified and aligned.But at the same time leveled and destroyed traits of national culture and identity.And this is not a positive trend.And she meets the increasingly strong opposition from many community groups.But the attempt to build a strategy of social development on the basis of nationalism does not lead to any positive results.The existence in isolation and autarky inevitably leads to decay and degradation of society and the state.The best option is to build social development midline between the two existing concepts.They do not exclude one another.
