experiment in psychology - is the primary method of scientific knowledge.With it investigated the changes in human behavior (or the same group of persons) in a situation of balanced management of the factors that define it.To achieve the goal of the researcher is necessary to create specific conditions for their appearance.
essential feature of the experiment is a clear and strict selection of a particular factor being studied.Prerequisite - Registration of emerging changes.
But in psychology, of course, is impossible to achieve absolute isolation.That is why the allocation factor is only the selection, as well as studying and comparing the two groups of respondents, and the other two situations.
Types experiments
There are several options, which are allocated on the basis of different types of psycho-pedagogical method.
First, the form of organization stands natural and laboratory experiments.The second type is usually carried out in artificial conditions, which are designed to provide exceptional purity of the obtained results.Natural
same experiment was carried out usually under normal, standard conditions for the test.A significant disadvantage is the mandatory presence of uncontrollable factors.But their influence can not be established and measured quantitatively.
Secondly, for purposes of forming the stands and ascertaining experiment.Let us try to understand the basic nuances of their separation.
ascertaining experiment is a psychological method, which establishes the existence of a specific and mandatory phenomenon or fact.But to achieve this, it must meet certain requirements.Thus, the experiment can be ascertain only if the researcher the task of identifying the existing state as well as the level of formation of certain properties, or the factor under study.Therefore, it becomes a priority for the study of the current level in the development of the selected parameter of the respondent, or the same group of subjects.This is what defines the purpose and objectives of this method.Ascertaining experiment has the following functions: measurement of the existing level of development as well as preparation of the starting material for the organization of further research, formative experiment.
This method is also called teaching and converting, which aims at the active formation of certain parameters in the mental development of a person, activity levels and so on.Forming experiment is usually used in the study of specific ways to personality development.This is achieved through a complex science.For example, in the education of the child is required to be a synthesis of psychological knowledge with pedagogical search.
purpose of forming experiment is: teaching skills and knowledge;development of skills and certain personality traits.
But to have a positive result to the experimenter and the method itself will be presented specific demands:
- developed of the necessary theoretical notions about isolated in the study of psychological parameters, which, in fact, will be formed.
- should be clearly planned progress of the program and experiment.
- During operation requires full account of existing factors in the real learning, which affect the formation of the studied phenomena in the psyche.
scientist should be able to choose the right, in accordance with the objectives of the study the method that he needs: ascertaining experiment, laboratory, shaping, or else natural.
