history of psychology ("psyche" in the lane. From Ancient Greek. "Soul", "logos" - "science") as a special knowledge, rooted in the 4-5 century BC, since it was borneven in the depths of philosophy.The ancient sage Aristotle wrote his treatise "On the soul" in which he was able to explain the basic laws and principles of its functioning.
history of the development of psychology as an independent discipline, has been associated with research Wundt in the XIX century.Since that time, there were the first programs created by scientists who have focused on the use of scientific methods of investigation.Therefore, there was the first laboratory experiment, which has become the main method of self-observation (introspection).
Later psychology began to actively develop within it a large number of areas that differed basic theoretical positions, views on the subject of science and research methods.
At the end of the XIX century gradually came to realize that introspection is not able to reveal the main aspects of the psyche because the range of phenomena studied psychology has a greater number of phenomena.
The result is a teaching of Sigmund Freud, who became the founder of the concept of psychoanalysis.Its main provisions are intended not to study human consciousness, as in the first direction, and his personality.That is why the approach is based on principles such as determinism and development.Particular attention has been given to scientists the unconscious as a source of internal activity.
seriously coup was the doctrine of Watson, which was called "behaviorism."Psychology within it acted as an objective experimental branch of natural science.The object - the behavior, which refers to the collection of those muscular and glandular reactions to stimuli from the outside, which can be seen.Therefore, the main method of investigation becomes a behavioral experiment.
history of psychology in the early XX century, it becomes very difficult.Since that time, it began to form a large number of disparate, often competing and even incommensurable paradigms.This was a unique situation in the formation of science as in any discipline of the collision was not so different number of paradigms.
can easily result in an incomplete list of directions which emerged at this time: the cognitive behaviorism;Adler psychoanalysis;dynamic concept Lewin;Gestalt psychology;Spranger descriptive psychology;Piaget's theory;Vygotsky's views;Several theories activities;reactology spondylitis, and so on.
Therefore science of that time we can speak of open crisis, which has not been completed to date.The fact is that in modern psychology is characterized by a diversity of views leading paradigms.But, thanks to so many competing concepts, are able to have the most comprehensive understanding of the subject and methods of science.
Therefore, it can be noted that the history of psychology and of the beginning of its development.The result was a design of a large number of its branches.
history of social psychology - it's a long way to go.But since this discipline has been formed from a large number of sources, it is virtually impossible to determine what the public is able to stand apart borders of the basic elements.It is a socio-psychological knowledge.
Most of the major areas of science have been formed in the same manner.Such is the history of the development of legal psychology, age, educational, and many others.
