analysis shows that scientists' ideas about the content and the initiator of innovative processes have evolved and found realization in the 6-generation model of innovation processes.
first (1G) and second (2G) generation of linear models reflect "technology push".
By the mid 80-ies of the last century, the production of performance indicators have changed and there was a model of the fourth generation - Integrated in which evaluation of the efficiency of production was based on the ability to transition to the understanding of innovation as a parallel-to-serial process.
its most important characteristics of steel production efficiency indicators such as the degree of connection with the production of R & D, horizontal cooperation, the creation of cross-functional teams, consisting of representatives of the various phases of the innovation process.
in the 90s once again changed the system of performance indicators of production and formulated the fifth generation - a model of strategic networks (5G), which represents a further development of the integrated model, its result becomes innovation.The innovation process is not only a cross-functional, but also multiinstitutsionalnym, network.
At the beginning of the XXI century formed the sixth model generation (6G) - open model, the appearance of which is associated with the globalization of R & D.
The description of the innovation process have laid down such indicators of production efficiency, as the so-called "hidden" knowledge.Here the innovation process - a multilevel system, which creates a sort of infrastructure for the development and implementation of innovations.
At the same time due to the sharp increase in the industrialized countries, the role of high-tech industries, the most valuable asset they are the objects of intellectual property.In recent years, the main focus of the theoretical developments on intellectual property valuation is to study the possibilities of application in the assessment of business practices that do not fit into the systematics of the income, cost and market approach.Performance indicators of production here are their synthesis or are so original that they have virtually no inherent data of the traditional models of elements.It is about:
- model of economic value added - EVA;
- model of shareholder value added - SVA;
- real options valuation methods - the method of ROV.
At the level of interaction of the "external environment" - "organization" should be separated conditions for receiving advances and the conditions of distribution and use of innovations.
Organizational conditions for obtaining innovations include the development of modern organizational forms of innovation: housekeeping, target-oriented and proactive.
to economic conditions obtaining innovations include: government contracts, tax deductions, preferences, benefits, vacations, and installment loans and other activities.
to the conditions and incentives for distribution and use innovations include:
1. Organizational incentives for the development of commercial and non-commercial transfer of technology;
2. Economic incentives favoring the influx of technology.
At the level of interaction of the "organization" - "innovator" should highlight conditions:
1. Organizational: the creation of a team of associates;
2. The moral and psychological, moral encouragement of the author and innovator through the consolidation of copyright of intellectual property rights for their real creator;
3. Economic - direct financial incentives author and innovator: by securing intellectual property rights for their real creator, share in the profits through royalty payments, lump sum payments, bonuses, royalties;indirect material benefits: in his spare time.
