Unfortunately, uniform and universal methodology of learning a foreign language, which would take into account both the individual abilities, goals and training period does not exist.However, the synthesis of the best achievements of techniques allows you to communicate in the foreign language learners soon after the start of the study.
Learning foreign languages is based on one of the fundamental categories that form the basis of methods of teaching - learning principles.Let us consider briefly the basic principles and psychology of teaching foreign languages.
principles of learning a foreign language:
activity. student involved in the situation through the use of role-playing games, communicative problem threads.The proposed assignment takes into account the age and interests of the students and stimulate rechemyslitelnyh activity.
visibility. Education is built on concrete visual images by displaying language material.
strength. achieved through the creation of associative connections, parallels and availability of presentation.
available. assumed that the material is presented, taking into account age and intellectual abilities of the student.
Interculturality. under the principle of training is assumed background knowledge with which realized the opportunity to communicate in communicative situations.
Of particular importance is the principle of competence of the teacher , which summed up the following basic skills:
- communicative (high level language)
- organizing (the ability to plan their activities and students)
- Gnostic and evaluation (the ability to assess the performance ofstudent and motivate its activities).
Learning foreign languages on the basis of linguistics:
systemically. language is seen as a system of interconnected elements at different levels.Teaching foreign languages includes consideration of all the elements as a whole and individually.
concentric features .It involves a process of assimilation of information through multiple repetition and its periodic extension.
functionality. consider the richness of expression.The meaning and purpose statements are primary for him adapts grammar.
stylistic differentiation .The depth of the study depends on the performance goals.In the short-term courses studied conversational style, with Bole-depth study focuses on other styles.
creation of system concepts .If two languages - study and native regarded as two of the world, they will not be identical.It is impossible to project at each other two systems of concepts, so word translation impossible.Before you translate a word, you need to put it in the appropriate system of the target language.
psychology of foreign language teaching is based on the following principles:
motivation. is especially important when working with children.It can be achieved through colorful books, interesting texts, cartoons.
Accounting psychological characteristics .Maximum individualization of the learning process is implemented within the framework of this principle.
Learning foreign languages on the basis of methodological principles:
Communicative principle .Education is based on the communicative situations that arise in everyday life.
principle types of speech training relationship work .Formed 4 kinds of speech activity: writing, speaking, reading, listening.
principle of interpretation lead .Most people communicate verbally, so the first stage is especially important to pay attention to the understanding of foreign speech at the hearing and speaking.
list of guidelines can not be absolutized and is open.When working with a particular pupil principles repeatedly refracted and adjusted to the individual situation.
