France's first constitution was adopted in 1791.Then, in this state more than once affirmed new basic law.In total, since the French Revolution in the country there were 17 of the Constitution.In place of the legislation affects both internal and external factors.For example, the French Constitution was adopted in 1848 by the revolution that occurred in the same year.On adoption of one of the last major countries affected by laws called the Second World War.So, immediately after its completion was proclaimed the Constitution of France in 1946, but in this article we'll discuss the basic features of the modern law of the country.
Modern French Constitution in force since 1958.At its creation it had a significant impact principles formulated by Charles de Gaulle in his famous speech in Beyё in 1956.Not least on the basic law of the French influence and Michel Debre (French Prime Minister).
described in the preamble of the document, you can find links to the Declaration of Human Rights 1789 and the accession to the 1946 Constitution.Later French law found mainly display and the Declaration on the Environment (2004).Constitution of France in 1958 consists of 15 sections, which are divided into 93 articles.However, French law does not generally the head of Rights and Freedoms.Basically, the current Constitution of France consists of the articles relating to political institutions.We mention some of them:
Article 1. It usually mentions that France is a democratic and social republic.It is worth noting that, according to the said article, France is a secular state.Therefore, the work on the EU constitution, French Prime Minister opposed the mention in the text of her Christianity.It is also noted that all the French are equal before the law, regardless of any factors.
Article 2 specifies that the official language of the country - is French.In addition, national symbols described.
Articles 5 and 6 describe the functions of the President and stress that he is elected for 5 years (before this presidential term was 7 years).French Constitution gives the president very considerable powers.Therefore, in the days of Charles de Gaulle was a lot of allegations that the country has established a regime of personal power.However, the functioning of the constitutional mechanism has shown that France is built on the principles of the rule of law and with sufficient control over the executive.
Article 8. It is mentioned that the French Prime Minister shall be appointed by the president.
Article 12. This article describes the procedure for the dissolution of parliament, which can carry out the president.
Article 88. This article describes the relationship between France and the European Union.
During its existence, the French constitution endured not one amendment.So, in 1999, it was made to the rules on equality of the sexes.And in 2007, when France introduced an amendment to the 66 th article.It approved a ban on the death penalty.It is worth noting that France was the last country in the EU where in the Constitution has been banned capital punishment.
