KhMAO Red Book - is an annotated list of rare and endangered species of flora and fauna.It indicates their area of ​​distribution, morphological description, the number and reasons for its reduction.It also lists the measures undertaken for the salvation of this rare species, and possible prognosis on its future.The Red Book of Ugra was established in 2003.During the years of its existence it has accumulated new database concerning the flora and fauna of the region.Many of the facts had to be revised, and 10 years later, in 2013, a new edition which have been amended accordingly.But first things first.
Background The emergence of the Red Book of Ugra
Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug is rich in rare flora and fauna representatives.But this wealth - only a small part of the unique nature of the lost.Due to violations of habitat conditions in resorts throughout several centuries irrevocably disappeared about 15% of all species that have existed on this territory.According to experts in the 20th century, the number approached 72%.Unfortunately, this loss is irreversible, the nature of the county suffered enormous harm.Scientists say that the region will never be the same, but still want to save those species that still remain.Only showing genuine concern about nature may leave our descendants even a small part, but a rich heritage.
reasons for the reduction in species diversity
Nature KhMAO impresses with its diversity.But, unfortunately, every year animal populations are declining.Disappear and plants.The main reason for these processes - a barbaric destruction, the destruction and pollution of the territories.In addition, the important role played by overharvesting and uncontrolled destruction of populations of both plants and animals.The situation is exacerbated the introduction of alien species to the region.The scientists autonomous region there was a question of the preservation of such populations.It is necessary to preserve not only animals and plants, and their habitats.It is these challenges and become the forerunners of the Red Book of Ugra.
Red Book KhMAO
Red Book - is first and foremost an official document.It contains all data and information on the distribution and status of rare species of flora and fauna.This document also shows all the measures taken for the protection of populations and their habitats.KhMAO Red Book gives information about mammals, birds, insects, reptiles, amphibians, fish, higher plants, mosses, ferns and fungi, which are threatened with extinction.At the time of publication at the hands of the scientists did not have accurate data about the state of nature in the region.The study of the biodiversity of the Autonomous Okrug was very weak.Data that have been carefully gathered the crumbs.Thus, in the first edition, published in 2003, includes 140 plants, 71 animals, 16 species of fungi.But it was far from being accurate and not an exhaustive list.In addition to the main section in this document and the application there.It has provided sketches of the eight species of animals, 45 plants and 9 mushrooms that need special attention from biologists and environmentalists.
new edition
In 2013 he published The Red Book KhMAO in the new edition.It contained a greater number of endangered species.Were added to mammals, plants ferns, mosses, lichens and fungi.Also reviewed the status of some birds.Several species have been excluded from the Red Book.It reduced the number of insects.The mammals were made wild reindeer, which number has been steadily declining.Particularly noteworthy bats.Under the protection of the water and taken pond bat, northern and two-tone leather jacket.There have also been added to a previously unknown species of flowering plants.
protected animals of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug
The Red Book of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District includes rare species of mammals, birds, plants, and even mushrooms.Under the protection of the hit West Siberian beaver, living on the banks of water bodies in the region.But the really great variety of birds in the Khanty Red.They belong to different orders and take a variety of biological niches.This large birds of prey such as osprey, white - tailed eagle, falcon, peregrine falcon, eagle owl, common honey buzzard, eagle.Also protected are taken such beautiful creatures as white and gray crane, Grey Plover, Oystercatcher, Dunlin, arctic skua, Ural Dipper.All these types are now threatened with extinction.A large number of scientists are constantly monitoring their populations and do their best to increase their number.
Also in the Red Book included rare species of amphibians and reptiles - sand lizard, common newt, Siberian and grass frog.Not spared, scientists and representatives of the fish.Under strict ban came even amateur fishing trout and Siberian sturgeon.Flora KhMAO characterized by an abundance of rare species of flowering plants, ferns, mosses.In total, the Red Book of the region, there are 156 representatives, of which 16 species - fungi.But it should be noted that research on the flora and fauna of the region are maintained to this day.Not fully investigated all the biodiversity of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District.Many species remain poorly studied, and possibly yet undiscovered altogether.
future of endangered species
Over the last decade there is a clear trend of increasing population of individuals of rare and endangered species.For example, such KhMAO animals like elk, sable, otter, wolf, red fox, do not cause anxiety fears.Their numbers slowly but still growing.More things iridescent brown bear and lynx.Their population vyroslae more than five times.Of course, much work remains to be done to these species do not have the status of rare, but the results of the measures taken to protect them, inspire confidence in their future.Many species has now been excluded from the Red Book of the region.A striking example of this - a badger, grouse, ptarmigan.But unfortunately, not all animals so bright prospects.Every year the population of wild reindeer has been steadily declining.Many scientists today say that in the near future, this species may disappear altogether.
