All of us have heard of labor migration, where people from poor countries migrating to more developed countries to pay.This process is globally called "international migration of labor."Since this process is now over a hundred years, many economists in the calculation of certain country-specific GDP necessarily take into account the labor reserves of non-resident citizens.
In general, human resources are a crucial factor in the production process, which is characterized by highly mobile and extremely flexible.The fact that people have always tried to look for the places where accommodation will be more comfortable, and the wages for the work done more worthy.That is why the international labor migration mainly occurs in developed countries.High standard of living and income (in comparison with other countries) that provides a constant supply of fresh States hands.
should be noted that most of the immigrants in the territory of another state, work in low-paid sectors, as well as the construction industry and the service sector.This is due to the fact that citizens of developed states in the vast majority of graduate and try to get to high positions in large corporations and firms.Thus, the shortage of labor is observed only on the dirty and dangerous work where mainly immigrants and fall.
International labor migration plays an important role in the overall production process of any country, so it will always exist.Our legal framework allows Russian citizens to leave the country in order to work abroad, all of which can be issued officially.However, many of our compatriots are leaving to seek his fortune abroad and informally, so today the exact number of Russians working in other countries is not possible.Only unofficial estimates today outside the territory of the Russian Federation employs about 10 million of its citizens.
However, international labor migration includes the movement of skilled workers, which include scientists, researchers, artists, programmers, and others. In this connection the third decade has seen a process of 'brain drain', where the best professionals ever leave Russia, moving to live in the United States, Canada and Western Europe.For the state, this is not any good, but everyone has a right to decide where to live and work.For this reason, the international workforce is in constant motion.
The majority of the market is quite quick to respond to the lack of workers in a particular industry, which is filled immediately, if not the Russians, the emigrants.Each of us saw on domestic construction sites Tajiks and Uzbeks, who erected the house in Russia, individual developers.In some respects, this migration can have a negative effect on the situation with the locals, who often can not find a job.However, on the other hand, most of the foreign workers in work that does not require high skills.
Reasons international labor migration include the following aspects:
- low level of economic development of the country;
- low social protection of citizens;
- low wages;
- instability and the instability of the political regime.
should be noted that labor migration plays an important role in the distribution of labor resources worldwide.Due to the poorer segments of the population can afford to live a little better, while a company with a rich hunting enjoys the services that immigrants have.
