Today we'll talk about what a jet engine and what is its significance for modern aviation.Since its appearance on Earth Man directs his gaze to the sky.What incredible ease birds soar in the updrafts of warm air!And not only small items, but even such large as pelicans, cranes and many others.Trying to emulate them using primitive flying machines based on the muscular strength of the pilot, if it led to a kind of "flight", it is still the mass implementation of development we could not go - very unreliable were the design, too many restrictions imposed on the person,use them.
Then came the internal combustion engine and propeller engines.They were so successful that a modern jet engine and a screw-engine (propeller) still coexist in parallel.Of course, having undergone a number of modifications.
How did the jet engine
Most of the technical solutions, the invention of which is attributed to man, in fact, been peeped from nature.For example, the creation of the glider was preceded by watching the flight of birds soaring in the sky.The streamlined shape of fish and birds have also been brilliantly argued, but in the framework of technical means.This story is not spared and the jet engine.The principle of motion used by many sea creatures - octopus, squid, jellyfish and so forth. On such an engine spoken Tsiolkovsky.Even more - he theorized the possibility of creating an airship to fly in the interplanetary space.
Jet Propulsion underlies the rocket engines.A rocket was known in ancient China.We can say that the idea of a jet engine "in the air", only needed to see her and bring in technology.
engine structure and operation
At the heart of any jet engine is the camera with a yield of ending pipe-socket.Inside the chamber is supplied fuel mixture is ignited there to gas heat.Since the pressure is distributed evenly in all directions, pressing on the wall, the gas can leave the cell only through the socket, oriented in the opposite direction of the desired direction.This creates a driving force.What has been said is easier to understand with an example: a man standing on the ice, holding a heavy crowbar.But should he drop the scrap aside, he will get a boost of acceleration and glided across the ice to the opposite side of the roll.The difference in the flight range of scrap and human displacement due only to their weight, they themselves are the forces, and the vectors are opposite.Drawing an analogy with a jet engine man - a flying machine and scrap - superheated gas from the bell chamber.
For all its simplicity, this scheme has several significant drawbacks - high consumption of fuel and huge pressure on the chamber wall.To reduce the consumption of the different solutions are used: As used liquefied gas fuel and an oxidant, which alter their physical state are more preferred than liquid fuel;another option - oxidized powder instead of liquid.
But the best solution is a propulsive jet engine.It is a pass-through chamber with inlet and outlet (relatively speaking - a cylinder with a funnel).When moving the unit into the chamber under pressure enters the air of the external environment, heats up and shrinks.Posted fuel mixture is ignited and reported additional compressed air temperature.Further, he sees through the funnel and creates momentum, as in a conventional jet engine.In this scheme, the fuel is a complementary element, so it costs substantially lower.This is the type of engine used in aircraft, where you can see the blades of the turbine, pump air into the chamber.
