document - is the main means of securing the information, facts, processes, phenomena, problems or mental reality of human activities, which is carried out using special media (most often - paper).Documentary sources can contain a very diverse and unique information on the economic, social and other events.
Analysis of the documents required to disclose their core content.For this purpose, apply the logic of construction, techniques and procedures that are best able to help extract the necessary information from the materials.
often interested researchers information present in the documents implicitly, in the form and contents that meet the objectives of the creation of these securities, but this does not always coincide with the objectives of economic research.Analysis of the documents aimed at the transformation of the original data in the form that is required for the work of researchers.
Analysis of the documents depends on many factors, including the following: the conditions, objectives and goals of the research;the content of the text itself;qualifications and experience of researchers, as well as the presence of his creative intuition.Person in charge of the study of man, also has an impact on the result as this method of studying the sources of highly subjective.
Correct interpretation of the primary (and especially - secondary) documents in order to extract from them the target information is possible through the use of various methods of data analysis.
main types of analysis are classical (traditional) and formal (or content analysis).They differ significantly, but not exclusive, but complement each other, to compensate the shortcomings of each individual, helping economist (marketing manager or other professional) to obtain reliable information.
In most cases, the method of analysis of documents used when working with the secondary instruments of social and psychological orientation.
traditional document analysis , in fact, is a chain of logical mental constructions that are aimed at identifying the core content of the material to a specific point of view, interesting to some of the economic situation.Traditional analysis allows you to explore the material, finding main ideas and thoughts, to trace their genesis to find contradictions, assess them in terms of economic, marketing and other items, etc.This kind of study is able to cover the most significant, deep side of the document.The disadvantage - its subjectivity.
Content traditional analysis boils down to answering the following questions: what kind of shape the document, its context, who the author, what are the objectives the creation of how reliable and authentic source, what is the estimated value of text, etc.
There are external and internal traditional analysis.The external - explores the context of the document and the circumstances in which he appeared, determined by its appearance, shape, location and time of the author and initiator of creation, purpose, reliability and so forth. When the interior - analyzes the content of the document: reveals the level of reliability of figures and factsdetermines the competence of the author, his attitude to the facts described, etc.
Some documents from the narrow specifications require the use of special methods of analysis, such as the legal, psychological, and some others.
formalized document analysis (compared to conventional) is aimed at overcoming subjectivity.This method is also referred to as content analysis and quantitative method.In this case study identifies such properties and characteristics of the material, which can illustrate the essential features of the content.However, one must take into account that not all the material can be measured by the formal parameters.
When content analysis operate only quantitative parameters, so the disclosure of the material could not be exhaustively complete.Use it to draw conclusions, and the data will always be in the nature of generalization.It is advisable to use this method in cases where high accuracy is required analysis, if we study the vast volume of material or study material often appears in the details.
Content analysis is used to identify the characteristics of text that are best able to reflect the part of the object being studied;to assess the effect of the impact of the text on the audience;to clarify the reasons that led to its creation.
