Answering the question: "What is a tribe?"- Scientists disagree.On the one hand, the tribes - a relic of the past, and modern ethnic associations are not considered tribes in the historical sense.However, in the modern world has survived a number of political alliances that meet the basic criteria of the tribe.
interpretation of the term
no common understanding of what a tribe.Researchers are a few definitions.
- tribe - a community that is determined by uniform features characteristic for all members, such as language, religious world, the origin, traditions and customs.
- Tribe - political alliances with the belief in a common bond, a union of several groups of people of different origin.As a rule, they have their own history, the legend of the appearance of a certain tribe.
- tribe - a type of ethnic community, a special social organization to the division into classes.In its original form tribes occur simultaneously with childbirth.
Characteristic features formed tribe
understand what the tribe in many ways to help the criteria by which ethnic communities considered as such:
- existence of a separate territory delimited by the territory of other tribes natural boundaries;
- definition of economics;
- mutual tribesmen perform common actions, such as collective hunting and gathering;
- common language of the tribe;
- tribal self;
- consciousness of itself as a collective unit;
- presence of common rituals, traditions observed by the tribe.
History of
What tribe, and when it was formed?
Archaeologically occurrence tribes recorded only in the Mesolithic, between the end of their formation as a social and ethnic communities.
Unlike these types of ethnic communities (such as the nation and the nation), the tribe is based on the common origin of the genera belonging to him on ties of kinship among all its members.That bond of kinship that unites two or more kinds, making them the tribe.
developed nations at the end of the era of primitive society have had tribal self-government, which consisted of the tribal council, and the two leaders - both civilian and military.Over time, the tribe developed the bundle on the property, there are rich and poor labor, tribal know growing role of the military leaders.In later forms of tribal organization and stored in a class society, where the slave intertwined and sometimes capitalist relations (for example, the nomadic tribes of the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, Bedouin, and so forth.).
ancient tribes
term "ancient tribe" is very complex and multifaceted.On the one hand, it is the peoples who lived in the past, but on the other - peoples have preserved a way of life, which was formed many centuries ago.
The way of life of ancient tribes formed gradually.In the early Neolithic period appear crafts, which was a prerequisite to the appearance of the city.People who united the community were called priests.At the head of the tribe was a military leader.For a long time, ancient tribe retained its traditional way of protecting it, even when confronted with the development of civilization.
Modern tribes
In today's society still live tribes who have preserved the ancient way.Most of them are located in Africa, South America, on the Indonesian island, as well as on the islands of the Philippine archipelago and the Amazon jungle.Communication with such tribes require special behavior in a particular culture.It should be noted that among these nationalities, you can pay with their lives for any error in behavior.It is necessary to remember that in these cultures is above all the following values: integrity in his personal life, modesty, courage, courage, ability to adequately endure physical suffering, chastity and modesty.
most famous tribes
most famous ancient tribes considered:
- Slavs;
- drevlyans;
- Antes;
- Scythians;
- Vikings;
- Goths;
- Hottentots;
- Celts;
- Teutons;
- Khazars;
- Pechenegs;
- Polovtsy;
- Huns;
- nomads;
- nomads;
- Romantsov;
- finikyane;
- Moors.
But some modern tribes that exist today:
- Surma people.
- Perviyskoe tribe.
- Ramapo.
- hand.
- Brazil.
- New Tribes Hawaii.
- sentineles.
- African tribes.
As we can see, the tribe (the definition of its ambiguous) as an ancient form of existence almost did not survive.Those associations, which show tourists - rather, ethnic groups, tribes rather than from a historical perspective.
