good harvest in the fall, you can get only in the event that carried out the correct selection of tubers and made preparation for planting potatoes in the spring.When to get out of the cellar in the germination of seed tubers, it depends on the method of their preparation and planting time.Planting material must be carefully handled.These are general rules for the cultivation of any plant.The time for preparatory work tubers every gardener chooses.Experts believe that the sorting and processing of potatoes should be implemented in the spring or fall (at harvest).To use suitable only healthy plants.Bush should be pest-free, and its root system - contain many tubers.
Preparation of seed potatoes for planting: the selection of tubers of springtime mean
First you need to carry out the selection of planting material.Recommended weight potatoes permitted for use, ranging from 30 to 100 grams.Experts immediately rule out the tubers that look unhealthy or have an irregular shape.With self-holding selection should pay attention to the following characteristics of the material, which makes it unsuitable for planting:
- ground part of the plant was struck nematode;
- tuber of an unpleasant and unnatural odor;
- settled scab on the tubers.
is worth paying attention to the fact that the potatoes are damaged by sharp objects, but not diseased, it is suitable for landing.Cuts are usually treated with a solution of the fungicide.As a result, high-quality landing material should be at least 85%.
Separation tubers
After the initial selection made planting material is necessary to make it sorted into several groups.To start identify and separate folded large tubers (weighing more than 80 grams).The second group is formed of a midsize potatoes (weighing 50 to 80 grams).As a result, must remain only a small planting, consisting of small potatoes for 30-50 grams.
necessity of sorting
to landing using the middle group usually sorted tubers.To get the harvest in the next year, you can use a small part of the small and large potatoes.Experienced gardeners do not recommend to mix pre-sorted tubers.The reason is that the bushes will grow irregularly, and stronger and stronger plants suppress adjacent.
Division of tubers must be done to avoid problems with follow-up care for the plantings.This method eliminates the uneven germination.The plants will have a similar size and will develop the same way.
Greening tubers
After splitting planting material into three large groups can begin preparation of seed potatoes for planting.For planting suitable only tubers with sprouts, so you need to carry out their landscaping.Murphy placed in a cool room with a steady heating mode.Recommended temperature must not fall below 10 degrees Celsius.But it is necessary to make sure that the thermometer did not show values above 12 degrees.The room for planting should be well ventilated and have ventilation.
main condition for successful gardening - there is sufficient quantity of light.Just observing this rule, it is possible to achieve the desired color for the landing tubers.In the light, potatoes turn green.To complete the process should take at least 30 days.Change your color tubers no longer suitable for human consumption, but are ideal for planting.Planting material requires periodic monitoring.It is necessary to regularly turn the tubers to the potatoes are evenly green.
Choice container gardening
as storage tanks, you can use containers made of transparent plastic.Many gardeners plant trees and gardens adapted the tubers in a box from under the cakes or conventional polyethylene bags.According to specialists, this greatly reduces the time of preparation of planting material.Recommend done in plastic bags several small holes to fill free volume tubers by two-thirds and tie the ends of the bag.Then you need to intercept the package and post it in the middle of a cool room.It is also important to provide access of sufficient light.
Preparation of seed potatoes for planting through gardening is sometimes called vernalization light.But there are several other methods that are used, depending on the prevailing conditions and personal preferences gardener.
Promote terms of germination
method is used in cases where the grower very late with the terms of the processing of planting material.In such cases, the preparation of potatoes for planting in the spring and germination can be somewhat accelerated.To do this, you must first prepare a special solution composed of a mixture of ash, trace elements and copper sulfate (or another stimulant for plant growth).Observe the proportions when mixing the ingredients.Per liter of water requires a quarter teaspoon of copper sulfate, and trace elements added quite a bit - on the tip of the knife.The amount of ash in the composition of every gardener defines itself.
Preparation of the solution sprayed potatoes a day.Allowed to reduce the number of procedures and to carry out irrigation planting material once in 3 days.Some gardeners are completely immersed in the tubers.It is a good prevention of diseases, in particular fungi.It is important not to overdo it, experts do not recommend to keep the potato in the solution for more than two minutes.
of dried tubers express method
Preparing potatoes for planting in the spring in this manner is carried out in cases where there is no necessary conditions for the germination of planting material, and the time is also limited.Provyalivayut tubers are recommended for temperatures from 14 to 16 degrees.Murphy laid a thin layer on a flat surface and leave for 10 days.The room should be dry.
convenient is that when such preparation is used for planting potatoes, do not provide access to the room light.The method is very simple to use, and the resulting effect is quite high.You can apply at an abnormally early onset of spring as planting material will be ready by mid-April.
wet method
When the potatoes are being prepared for planting by using a wet method, the potatoes were grown is not the light, but in the wet filler.As a basis for the substrate is usually used sawdust soaked with water or sand (gardeners in northern latitudes take it usually peat).The rate of germination significantly increased: for the preparation of planting material is sufficient for 15 days.Tubers can lay no earlier than April.
Some gardeners using this method sprouting tubers retain more nutrients and are capable of producing more healthy seedlings.The disadvantages are the low resistance of potatoes to diseases and pests.
Warming planting material
Preparing potato seeds before planting warm up by tubers - the fastest way to produce sprouts.It is used in cases where the potatoes have not germinated due to unknown causes, and time for the application of other methods is not.Planting material is kept in a high air temperature.Values can reach 35-40 degrees Celsius.In this method, shoots appear intensively awaken kidney.Tubers ready for planting in 4 days.
use solutions
sprouting can be accelerated by spraying the planting material compositions that stimulate their growth.The procedure is recommended to carry out no more frequently than once every 5-6 days.It is necessary to use different solutions, some of which are presented in the following list:
1) nitrophoska .Recommended concentration: one teaspoon three liters of fluid.
2) fertilizer "DiaCosmetics." one spoon composition is diluted in three liters of water.
3) Urea .For the three-liter jar of water is enough for one small spoon.
using a solution, it is important not to exceed the concentration of the substance in water and to comply with the schedule seed treatment.
division of tubers share
To save planting material, as well as the introduction of new varieties experts recommend cutting the tubers into shares.The training of seed potatoes for planting (cutting) requires compliance with a few general rules:
- Cut only sprouted tubers.Material planting stand about three days (before the formation of a protective cover).
- The weight of each segments must be at least 25 grams.
- On the surface of the skin to be more than the proportion of two germs.
- Store the cut tubers in a heated room at temperatures from 18 to 25 degrees and humidity of 94% to 96%.
- on potatoes should get enough light.
- Cutting carry knives made of stainless steel.After each cutting blade disinfected in 0.1% solution of manganese or 0.5% solution of salicylic acid.
Disease Prevention
When done preparing potatoes for planting under the film without it, for the protection of the planting material during germination using different solutions.The most popular among gardeners began processing potatoes diluted potassium permanganate or copper sulfate.This method prevents contamination of tuber late blight.For copper sulfate allowable concentration is no more than one teaspoon three liters of fluid.Manganese is diluted in water until they achieve a saturated purple color of the solution.Murphy immersed for two minutes in a composition and then spread out and allowed to dry.
Divorced copper sulfate or manganese recommend the use of spray and tubers and young bushes.This significantly increases the resistance of plants to pathogens of major diseases and effectively deters pests.
Preparing potatoes for planting in the spring, when to get on the germination
for heating and germination of tubers are taken out of the basement for about 30-35 days before planting.
Gardeners in practice, convinced that the preparation of potato seeds for planting and inexpensive measures for sprouting tubers can have a significant effect on yield.These methods do not require large expenditures of labor and time, but have the same meaning as fertilizer grade selection or use of protective means against pests and plant diseases.
Soil Preparation
Land preparation for planting of potatoes is very important.Cooking place better in the fall.Prepare the soil for planting potatoes is as follows: the land is cleared of weeds, introduced on 1 sq.m bucket of compost or rotted manure, 15 g of potassium salt, 30 g of superphosphate.After that, dig on a bayonet, and lumps are not broken.This will reduce the number of successfully overwintered in the ground pests.
