Russian Federation is the largest country on the planet.The area of the largest state is a little more than seventeen million square kilometers.This is about 11.5% of the territory of the entire earth's surface.Our country is located on the mainland Eurasia and crossed nine time zones.Russia has a rich history, and the 862 th year dates back to the beginning of the national statehood.
population and its composition
talking about what the government is the largest on the planet, it should be noted that the gradation can be produced also by such indicators as population.In this respect, China is the largest.As for our country, the total number of residents who inhabit it, is about 144 million people.Regardless of religion and nationality all citizens of the Federation officially called Russians.On the territory of the state is home to more than two hundred nationalities who speak a hundred different languages.Speaking about the ethnic composition, it should be noted that approximately 81% of all residents - a Russian, 3.87% - Tatars, 1.41% - Ukrainians, 1.15% - Bashkirs.In such indicators as population density, the largest state in area located on the ninth place in the world.In terms of the most widespread religion is Orthodox Christianity.In a much lesser extent residents adhere to Catholicism, Islam, Buddhism and Judaism.
largest city
As for cities with populations of over one million people, or those in Russia there are officially fourteen.Not for someone is secret that the biggest of them - is the country's capital, Moscow.Based on the latest census, it is home to nearly 11.5 million residents.If we take note of the informal (real) data, this figure can be easily multiplied in a half or two times.Among other major cities should be noted St. Petersburg, Volgograd, Vladivostok, Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Yakutsk, and Kaliningrad.
considerable importance for the economic development of any country have the ports.It was no exception and the largest state in the world.The key to its territory considered to ports located in Arkhangelsk (White Sea), Kaliningrad, St. Petersburg, the Baltic, Vyborg (Baltic Sea), Murmansk (Barents Sea), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (Pacific), Vladivostok (Sea of Japan), Astrakhan(Caspian Sea), Sochi (Black Sea), Taganrog (Azov Sea).
Geography
Russia has the world's greatest number of neighbors.In particular, sea borders with four countries, including the United States, Japan, Sweden and Turkey.In addition, there are fourteen countries with which we have a land border.These include Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, China, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Finland, Norway, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Mongolia and North Korea.
biggest state in the world, mainly lies in the plains and lowlands.At the same time there are many large mountain ranges.These include the Sikhote-Alin and the Greater Caucasus.It should be noted that the second one separates the mainland on the European and Asian parts.In addition, in Russia there are many volcanoes, some of whom are active.
transport system
biggest state in the world has a fairly well-developed transport network.It includes more than 120 thousand kilometers of railways, one million kilometers of highways, approximately 230 thousand kilometers of pipelines (trunk), and over one hundred thousand kilometers of navigable waterways.Due to the harsh climate and huge size of paramount importance for the national economy it is the first of the above species.The basic volume of the entire freight operation falls on him.Due to the short period of navigational waterways is not as important to the economy.
With regard to passenger transport, the Metro has seven localities.In many cities there are trams and trolleybuses.Almost every, even the smallest, settlement shuttle taxis and buses.With regard to travel long distances, there is most often used railroad.
Climate
biggest state in the world is different cold continental climate, which is typical for most of its territory.Spring and autumn here are quite short.Great influence on the western and northern regions of the country have cold air streams that are formed over Antarctica.In addition, movement in Russia warm air masses from the Indian and Atlantic oceans impede mountains that are located on the south and east.In this regard, for most typical harsh winters.
natural endowments
largest country boasts the world's largest reserve of fresh water.On its own territory is in the world and a huge freshwater lake - Lake Baikal.Its area is 31.7 thousand square kilometers.In addition, in Russia there are about a hundred thousand rivers of various sizes, including the Volga - the longest in Europe.Bowels of the earth, which is the territory of the Russian Federation, is very rich in minerals.The most valuable of them are considered natural gas and oil.It should be noted that in a given amount of both of these species are found in virtually all regions.
Flora and fauna
Most of the plant (in our country there are more than 25,000 species) are found in the Far East and the Caucasus.It is not surprising that the biggest state is often called the "lungs of Europe", because here is concentrated a significant amount of forest land.In addition, in Russian resides approximately 780 species of birds and 266 species of mammals.Most often they are found in the forest.
About one-tenth of all the arable land available on the planet, located in the Russian Federation.In addition, we have concentrated almost half of all black soil.At the same time, local farmers are constantly at risk, because the growing season they last a maximum of four months, while in Europe and America - about nine.
