interaction of currents is very well known in modern electrical engineering: it take into account when designing sophisticated nuclear reactors "Tokamak", and in the construction of electric motors.For example, in the past, a shift of coils surrounding the stator windings to the rotor winding.Thus, when "heavy" powerful machines start when the current reaches the maximum permissible values can be observed damage to the retaining coil shpug.In this case there is a magnetic interaction between the currents flowing through two different windings.Their rotating magnetic fields have on the conductors attracting action.The interaction of currents, it is usually considered a magnetic type of interaction, in fact, the topic is more extensive.
Imagine a three-phase network, each line of which is connected its consumer group.While their total resistance approximately equal, the whole system works steadily, but is significantly upset the balance of current as sets mode called "phase imbalance" that can damage the unit.Also, the interaction of currents occurs when paralleling multiple power supplies in the same load.In this case, if the phasing is correct, there is a flow of current between the source (short-say), but by the non-phase lines get short-circuited.Obviously, the interaction of the currents manifests differently.Yet more often than it is usually considered Ampere's Law.
If between the opposite poles of a magnet (permanent magnetic field) to put a mobile frame through which the current flows, it will turn to a certain angle, determined by the force of interaction of two magnetic fields and orientation of lines of tension.This force was determined and formulated in 1820 by the famous French physicist AM Ampere.
currently used the following formulation: when a current flows through a conductor thin section in a magnetic field, the force dF, have an impact on a certain area (dl) wire is directly dependent on the strength of the current I and the vector product of length dl in the valuemagnetic induction B. That is:
dF = (I * dl) * B,
where F, l, B - vector quantities.
Determination Way F is generally carried out a very simple way - the rule left hand.Mentally, the left hand should be placed so that the lines of the magnetic induction (B) entered the open hand at an angle of 90 degrees, 4 straightened finger pointing direction of the current (from "+" to "-"), then bent at a right angle the thumb will pointdirection acting on the current-carrying conductor Ampere force.
best known for the force of interaction of parallel currents.In fact, this is a special case of a general law.Imagine two parallel current-carrying conductor in a vacuum, the length of which is infinite.The distance between them is denoted by the letter «r».Each conductor (currents I1 and I2) generates a magnetic field around itself, so they interact.The lines of induction are circles.
direction of the magnetic induction B1 defined by the rule of thumb.Here is the formula:
B1 = (m0 / 4Pi) * (2 * I1 / r);
where m0 is the magnetic constant;r - the distance;Pi - 3,14.
apply the formula of finding the Ampere force, we get:
dF12 = (I2 * dl) * B1;
where dF12 - force of impact on the field of the conductor 1 conductor 2.
Power Module is:
dF12 = (m0 / 4Pi) * (2 * I1 * I2 / r) * dl.
If length l equals from zero to one, then:
F12 = (m0 / 4Pi) * (2 * I1 * I2 / r).
This is the force that acts on a certain unit length of wire with a current.If you know the value of F, it is possible to design a reliable electric cars, providing the force Ampere.It is also used to calculate the magnetic constant.It is necessary to note that, on the basis of rules of the left hand, it follows that if the direction of the current match, the conductors are drawn, and otherwise - are repelled.
