In application of any instrument of lean manufacturing is very important clear algorithm works - to always be able to consult and clarify what the next step.Today in this article we consider the algorithm works with a tool called "value stream mapping".
first stage - a statement of the purpose .At this stage, the group and its leader should be defined with a view to formulate it as well as to measure and visualize.Particular attention should be paid to the formulation of clear goals - for each member of the group who will be involved in the work, the purpose is to denote the same thing.Treatment goals should be unambiguous.Particular attention should be paid to the visualization goal - the presentation of her all over the work in a clear and understandable form to everyone.For example, type it in large letters on a large sheet of paper and hang it in a prominent place - to be able to access it and check how your actions can lead to the achievement of this goal.All members of the group and the head should be convinced that the achievement of this goal is really necessary and will benefit - as the organization as a whole and each of its employee.
second stage - preparation for mapping. Obviously, for well-organized work on mapping will need to bring certain professionals (depending on the specifics of the organization), as well as to use certain resources.What it will be for experts, when the group will have to turn to them for help, about which resource in question - this is the group to be resolved in preparation.
When it comes to professionals, need to understand that at this stage to be confirmed and secured the final composition of MFG - cross-functional groups, and which will be carried out all the work on mapping.At this stage you need to secure the obligations of each of the participants.For convenience, this information can be documented.
After participants identified and collected, it is necessary to make a work plan containing answers to the questions "what, where, when, how and in what sequence will make the team?"To do this, you can refer to the algorithm works contained in this article.After the plan of mapping is designed, it must agree to approve the leadership of the organization and visualized.
third stage - the product selection (or product family) for mapping.At this stage, the FIG will, firstly, to choose the way in which the product will be a choice (there are plenty of them - all curled on the goal).Second, to define the boundaries of the process and, thirdly, to conduct prioritization among the many different types of products.For more information about what methods the choice of a product there, you can get in my book devoted KPSTS - "Value ≠ value.Modern techniques of mapping the value stream by using the 80/20 rule. "In one article to highlight all of the material is not possible.
fourth stage - KPSTS the formation of the current state ("as is») - the longest stage of mapping.It details all the stages of the process from input to output, are set and locked the necessary parameters of each stage.Cross-functional team members must pass the whole entire flow under consideration and see with their own eyes the gradual transformation of the product.In addition, FIG should consider accompanying logistics and management system.
Fifth stage acts step of analyzing all the information collected to identify places impacts most strongly affecting the entire reporting process.The main directions of analysis:
- analysis download process steps (operations) under the cycle time;
- analysis of flow problems in terms of influence and potential;
- analysis of the "bottleneck" of the flow;
- analysis of the quality of manufactured products;
- logistic analysis;
- cost analysis, etc..
At this point may require an additional fee or clarification of certain data.The individual steps (operations) of the process may require a more in-depth analysis using other tools lean, so the quality of the work of this phase depends on all further work.
sixth stage - stage of formation of the future state KPSTS , otherwise you can call it 'how to'.In this step, using identified in the analysis phase flow parameters opportunities, compared with the requirements for maximum flow efficiency.Using brainstorming and information obtained in the previous step, FIG will have two objectives: firstly, to simulate the ideal state of the process with the ideal parameters of operations, logistics routes, information flows, and secondly, to simulate target state required at the momenttime.At this stage you need to carry out a preliminary economic evaluation to determine the benefit - a one-time and ongoing (in ruble terms), which the organization will get from converting the flow to the target state.
Why do I need to model the two states KPSTS: the perfect and only then - the title?
We all know that the target state KPSTS - a map of the flow, improved compared to the current state to a degree corresponding to the goals and objectives, and on the scale of improvements is between the current and the ideal state.But in order to overcome the current Team negative psychological paradigms, and all sorts of barriers, it is necessary to step over them and imagine how should look like a stream, ideally, and then "come down to earth," to what is necessary at the moment.
Seventh step is to develop a transition plan to target state - planning stage step sequence and timing of the actual actions required for the transition to a new state of flux.At this stage, it expected to change both material and information flows, and changes in existing regulatory documents in order to avoid contradictions.
At this stage, the activity mapping is completed.To be the most interesting: the implementation of the planned changes and their stabilization.Any system that has been any change, it takes time to stabilize.Now your task is to ensure closer monitoring of compliance changes.Remember that new standards need to be tested in practice, documented and communicated to personnel.
I sincerely hope that the use of this algorithm will help you in the development of mapping tools.
details on mapping the stream you can find on the site http://leanbase.ru
