evolutionary theory of Charles Darwin is considered the most important work in biology over the last more than one hundred years.However, the controversy about this work is carried out since the date of its publication.
Darwin's evolutionary theory was developed under the influence of common ideas in England, reflecting the socio-economic conditions of the time - freedom of competition and the universal struggle for existence in society.At that time, they were considered a universal law of nature.
Darwin's evolutionary theory was formed in accordance with its own discoveries that scientists have made during the trip aboard the "Beagle".After studying the geology of the South American land, he established himself in the belief that natural factors are of great importance in the history of the earth's surface, and the origin of the plants and animals that inhabit the planet.
Paleontology findings allow us to determine the similarity between animals that live at the time in South America, and extinct species.Darwin finds some "transitional forms", combining the characteristics of several units.
Considerable importance was attached, and the geographical distribution of organisms.Thus, Darwin found that the fauna of South America contains the forms which are absent in the fauna of North America.But a scientist with the thought that the similarity of the animals both worlds these territories existed previously.Insulation faunas, in his opinion, later occurred in connection with the appearance of the plateau on the southern Mexico.
special interest data collected by Darwin in the Galapagos Islands, which runs 950 kilometers from the western South American coast in the Pacific Ocean.These islands are of volcanic origin and are geologically young area.During the study the scientist noted some similarities with their flora fauna of South America.However, there were differences.
Thus, the beginning of the nineteenth century on the basis of factual data collected were formulated some conclusions and generalizations, which is based on Darwin's theory of evolution.It was withdrawn position of the variability of species and unity in terms of the structure of organisms on the natural groups, to strengthen the similarities and changing forms, the historical development of the earth's surface, as well as the similarity of embryos belonging to systematically distant animal groups.
evolutionary theory of Darwin has become the largest generalization of the natural sciences of the XIX century.This doctrine was developed the general course of the development of scientific thought and socio-economic conditions.
should be noted that before the advent of Darwinism, many scientists have expressed ideas similar to the expressed therein.But despite the constant development of science and the accumulation of facts that contradict the metaphysical teachings, the views of the natural immutability continued to dominate.Teachings predecessors Darwin did not solve the core issues.Thus, it not proved possible occurrence of a new specific type of form.Not been resolved and the problem of the feasibility and adaptability of the new organic form to the environment.And, finally, it opened the question of the motive forces and factors of development.
evolution, according to Darwin, to solve important issues of wildlife from the point of view of natural-scientific materialism.It has a huge impact on the development of biological sciences, helped to strengthen the understanding of the doctrine of nature as a whole, applying a materialist explanation of the phenomena of expediency.Darwin in his theory is not just applied practical information, but also critically revisited their own conclusions, taking into account the achievements of agriculture and biology in general.
