flora of the planet Earth is rich and diverse.But there is one absolutely unique group - flowering plants.It includes two hundred fifty thousand species growing on the planet, from the smallest living in water and duckweed to large trees, reaching a height of over 90 meters.Thus shrubs and trees have woody stems and lush grass are thin stalk.
organs of flowering plants are divided into bodies of nutrition and reproduction.Through the roots, stems and leaves of the plant is receiving power.And flowers and fruits is carried out very important function - the function of reproduction.
distinctive feature of this group of plants is the presence of specific reproductive organs - flower.It can be bright and stunningly beautiful, thin may have a delicate aroma, and can be like the grass, be small and inconspicuous.
Each flower consists of several parts, each of which performs a specific function.Sepals - the outer part of protecting the body at the stage of the kidney.The most remarkable part is the flower petals of bright color and aroma attract many insects.Pollen grains are the receptacle for the male germ cells and are attached to the stamens.Pollen from plant to plant transfers or wind or insects.Ovary - a receptacle for the female sex cells.Fertilization in flowering plants can only occur when connecting the pollen grain with ovary.Often these plants have both ovaries and stamens in the same flower.Separate male and female flowers are separate occur naturally in these flowering plants, such as oak or willow.
process of photosynthesis that occurs in the leaves, is the conversion of carbon dioxide and water under the influence of solar energy in nutrients.They list feeds flowering plants.On stems, which are the backbone of the whole body as the pipes, from the root to a leaf with water.Roots also perform a unique function: they hold due to the complex structure plants rod that goes deep, and smaller spines, common near the surface of the soil and extract water and minerals from the depths of the earth.
fertilization of flowering plants is as follows: egg and pollen are connected, and ovaries are formed seeds.Prior to that, the process of pollination.Pollen is transferred from flower to flower by either wind or bees, butterflies and other insects.The delicate aroma and bright flower color attract pollinators.For them, at the base of the petals collects sweet nectar.During the search of the sweet product pollen grains stick to the abdomen, legs, wings, insect, and as the sweet tooth are not limited to a visit to one of the flower, the pollen falls easily to others.Flowering plants produce huge amounts of pollen, which is carried by the wind, and the stigma of the flower trapped in its network.
Once the pollen grains fall from flower to flower, they sprout tiny ducts that getting to the ovaries, connect the male sex cells with women.So fertilized egg from which the seeds are formed.Meanwhile, the ovary grows, forming fruit (berries, nuts, dry boxes).
As for the life cycle, the flowering plants can be annual, biennial and perennial.With annual simple: bloom only once and die, it's all happening within one year.An interesting picture is opened in monitoring the biennials.In their first year of life is an active growth of stems and leaves, and roots accumulate nutrients.And only in the second year it uses the root reserves of nutrients for forcing shoots, which at first bloom, bear fruit, and then wither away.Perennials bloom for many years, delighting us with beautiful flowers.
