To date, the most dangerous terrorist organization in the world is the grouping "Islamic State" (IG).With each passing day the number of its supporters is growing, and the size of the territories controlled by it, increases.Let's look at the reasons for this phenomenon and find out the potential danger posed by the world are militants "Islamic state."
Limbo organization
After the overthrow in 2003 in Iraq, Saddam Hussein's regime, this country has become one of the world's major centers of Islamic extremism.On its territory began to operate many Muslim terrorist organizations, mainly Sunni, declared the goal of fighting the United States, Israel and the Shia.One of the most powerful factions was "Ansar al-Islam" under the leadership of al-Zarqawi, later pleaded part of the "Al-Qaeda".
history of the IG decided to count since 2006 when on the basis of unification of the Iraqi cell "of Al-Qaeda" and other Islamic extremist groups was announced formation of "Islamic State of Iraq."The center of this association recognized the city of Mosul and the first leader - Abu Abdullah al-Baghdadi.Since its inception, the organization has been actively involved in the hostilities and terrorist activities in Iraq.From mid-May 2010, following the death of the head of the group was the predecessor Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, with the title of emir.
Parish Syria
Meanwhile, after the start of the 2011 civil war in Syria between President Assad and his regime fighters, among whom were Islamic militants, the country has also become a hotbed of instability in the region.This flocked various extremist forces.
does not remain aloof and grouping, led by Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.In connection with the arrival in Syria she was beginning in April 2013 it adopted a new name: "Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant."This has outraged the leaders of "al-Qaeda", in particular, the successor to Osama bin Laden, Ayman al-Zawahiri.After all, this group until that time, was considered under control, "al-Qaeda" organization, but in Syria it is already operated another cell - "Al-Nusra Front."
Meanwhile, LIH took control of a large part of Syria.By mid-2014 under his authority was a large area of Syrian territory than any other conflict, including the Assad government.
final break with the "Al-Qaeda»
After al-Baghdadi has refused to heed the call of al-Zavahri restore their fighters to Iraq in February 2014, the management of "Al Qaeda" has declared a complete break with LIH and aboutthat this structure is not its division.Moreover, fighting broke out between LIH and the official unit of "al-Qaeda" - the organization "Al-Nusra Front."During the conflict between them killed about 1,800 militants from both sides.
However, with the beginning of the use of air strikes the Western coalition of militant positions between LIH and "Al-Nusra Front" was concluded an agreement on joint action.The proclamation of the Caliphate
After successful military operations in the first half of 2014 the militants "Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant" seized large areas in Syria and Iraq, as well as a number of major cities, including Mosul and Tikrit, coming close to Baghdad.In the wake of such success of their leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi in mid-2014 proclaimed himself Caliph.
It was a significant event, as the title of caliph meant claim to rule over the whole Muslim world.The last, which bore the title, was a representative of the dynasty of Osman Abdul Majid II, deprived of his in 1924.Thus, al-Baghdadi claimed the succession of sultans of the Ottoman Empire and, accordingly, the territory once controlled by it.However, he supported the idea of establishing a worldwide caliphate.
In this regard, it was decided to remove the regional anchor in the name of the organization, and now it became known as "Islamic state."
coalition air strikes militants IG
Seeing the danger to peace are the militants group "Islamic State", a number of Western countries, including the United States, Australia, Great Britain and France, have decided on joint action against the terrorist threat.Since June 2014, these powers made air strikes on the positions of the extremists in Syria and Iraq.During the bombing he was mortally wounded by the Caliph al-Baghdadi, who died in March 2015.According to another version, he is not dead, only paralyzed.He was succeeded by Abu Ala al-Afri, who also was killed May 13, 2015.
defeat of the Kurds
grouping "Islamic state" has suffered the heaviest is believed to defeat in their history in the battles with the Kurds outside the city Kobanov that occurred since the beginning of the fall of 2014 to January 2015.Despite the fact that the militants managed to temporarily seize the city, they were then knocked out of him.From February 2015 to the present day there are fights for the surrounding villages.
But despite a series of setbacks and the loss of their leaders, the militants of the "Islamic state" continue to control large areas, and at the moment is a threat not only for the region but for the entire world.
Distribution "Islamic state" in other regions
Although the "Islamic state" has not been recognized by any country in the world, after the proclamation of the Caliphate and significant military successes of the organization to him began to join various Islamic terrorist groups around the globe, declaring himself provinces"Caliphate."
First of all, the IG militants could gain a foothold in Libya.Back in April 2014, they captured the city Dern and Nofal, and now precipitated Sirte.Thus, in North Africa has been strengthened "Islamic state."Libya after the overthrow Gaddafi torn by civil war between the General National Congress and Parliament.IG controls there is a relatively small area, waiting for what will the fighting between the major opposition forces.
One of the first joined IG "Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan", headed by its leader Ghazi Usmon.The organization currently operates mainly in Afghanistan and Pakistan.More in 2014 the Uzbek Interior Ministry officials informed the public about it.
At the same time acceding to the "Islamic state" said an Egyptian Islamist group "Ansar Beit al-Maqdis."
after Shiite revolution in Yemen and the beginning of the civil war there is the union of "Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula" (AQAP) in late winter 2015 stated that broke ties with its parent organization and swears "Caliph" al-Baghdadi.Currently ACAP controls large areas in Yemen.
In early spring 2015 the extremist organization "Boka Haram", which took control of the land in the north of Nigeria and is a real war with a coalition of states, declared itself "a province of the West African Islamic state."
In addition, insurgents, "Islamic state" identified its presence in Afghanistan and Pakistan.There, on the side of the IG passed some of the Taliban groups.On the other Taliban fighters "Islamic state" started the confrontation.
Thus, the question of where is the Islamic state, one word answers will not be as different its branches scattered all over the world.
ideology
«Islamic state" has moved away from the narrow ideology of Sufism and Wahhabism, which plays a leading role in the "Al-Qaeda".That it was able to attract the growing number of supporters, which is natural, because for most of the population of Syria and Iraq, Sufism and Wahhabism are alien.Leaders of IG skillfully played on this, declaring himself all the Sunni caliphs.
But a large part of the extremist "Islamic state" is not local residents, and representatives of other Arab countries.Also, a lot of volunteers from Europe and Russia, in particular the militants who fought for Ichkeria.
Actions terrorists "Islamic State" in relation to the opponents and the local people are very cruel.Part of the practice of torture and executions demonstration.
objectives of the "Islamic State»
leader of the Islamic state declaratively stated that their main goal is to establish a global world caliphate.But at the same time, militants say and challenges to more near-term.These include the acquisition of territory formerly owned by the Ottoman Empire, the Arabian Peninsula, Central Asia and the Caucasus.Extremists have already announced that they are working to develop nuclear weapons.
Countries around the world must unite in the fight against terrorism, the IG, as to where the "Islamic state", come war and death.
