Scientific and technical progress (NTP) is recognized as the world's most important factor in economic development.In the literature (both domestic and Western), it more often associated with the term "innovation process".
Scientific and technological progress of the 20th century had a significant impact on the social development of the population in many countries.In the middle of the century - during the development of environment - has gained popularity the concept of general well-being generated by the rational principles of efficiency.
As noted by James Bright (American economist), scientific and technological progress - it is the only process that can combine technology, science, management, business, economy.The essence of the process - to acquire and master innovation.Scientific and technological progress - a multi-stage event, starting with the birth of innovation and completing his commercial realization.Thus, the process involves a set of relationships, including consumption, exchange and production.
Encouraging development and innovation is considered the most dynamic management tool associated with the effect on the interests of all stakeholders.As a result, they (the participants) accelerate scientific and technological progress not only on orders from above, but in accordance with their own convictions.
Stimulation promotes the formation of the advantages while meeting the social and economic interests of enterprises, mastering, to develop innovative high-performance equipment.
When accelerating the process of considerable importance is attached to the formation of an organic system of bonuses based on the results of industrial, scientific and technical activities.Stimulating the innovation process involves not only the moral and material incentives.At the same time there is a system of punishment, implying a reduction of funds payment and social development of enterprises producing inefficient and outdated products.
Organization accelerate the innovation process is closely linked not only with the development of science and technology, but also with the change of relations in the socio-economic sector.
Promote NTP involves the use of methods of environmental management.If you have established standards of payment for the company's resources used to seek more efficient and integrated use them.In this case, better to use a special energy saving technologies, extracting from each ton of resources maximum profit.In addition, certain standards are set and to pay for emissions during the manufacturing process.In this regard, enterprises tend to use equipment which reduces pollution.In the case of exceeding the standards on emissions from the plant increased fee will be charged.
Undoubtedly, scientific and technological progress is impossible without funding.Thus formed and used special funds to facilitate promotion of STP.In accordance with its economic nature, they (the funds) are social costs of production.They are in some ways a form of redundancy and advanced to transfer the cost of the value of the finished product.The role played by the financing funds in the reproduction process, close to the role of depreciation.Their application allows to offset the costs of education, the development of innovation, as well as to insure the risks involved.
Certainly, the success of science and technology depends on the position occupied by the science in society.
As the world economic experience, the transition to a market system can be successful in terms of the radical reforms in the economic sector and large-scale changes in the basic economic structure.
