regime of martial law in the Russian Federation provides for the restriction of rights organizations, officials and citizens, placing additional responsibilities on them.At the same time the activity of state and local authorities in accordance with specially established procedure.The military regime is designed to generate economic, legal and organizational conditions.These conditions, in turn, should help to prevent or repel aggression.
Martial law is one of the tools that can restrict the rights.A State may also declare mobilization, territorial and civil defense.
Martial law provides for citizens to enjoy all the freedoms and rights established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, except for those that are limited by the federal Constitution and other laws of the country.Population is required to comply with the requirements contained in these regulations.
It should be noted that the state of war as a legal institution has roots stretching deep enough into the story.It is celebrated in the Russian law and the legislation of many foreign powers.Especially outstanding legislation can pause in a particular territory during the dangers of the current regulations and to grant emergency powers by the Executive Body, were of great importance in ancient Rome.
In prerevolutionary Russia, martial law was set in the border areas with the alleged dangers of the invasion of the territory of the aggressors or other territories powers in the event of internal danger.
In the period from 1941 to 1945 an emergency situation in the Soviet Union was regulated by decree of the Presidium.This act, passed in 1941, on June 21, acting only during the war.In accordance with the decree, it was assumed that in the areas that are under martial law, the function of all organs of state power in the defended area, security and public order of the country belonged to the military councils of the armies of the fronts, the military districts.In areas where they were absent, the powers transferred to the supreme command of the army connections.
military authorities had the right to take decisions binding for every citizen.With their supposed failure to punishment in the form of administrative responsibility.Disobeying orders and orders of the military authorities was regarded as a crime.Disobedience in areas that are in emergency conditions imply criminal responsibility.The penalties established under the laws of war.According to the accepted regulations, all cases concerning these crimes were transferred to the Tribunal.At the same decisions and judgments were not subject to cassation and could be canceled only in the order of supervision.
under martial law in the USSR in 1941, on June 30, was adopted by a decree of the Presidium of the formation of T-bills (Committee of Defense).This committee was actually the highest authority in the state.Total population, as well as the Komsomol, the party, the military authorities were obliged to execute orders and decisions of T-bills.
In the most important sectors of the economy was operating institution authorized by T-bills.They (the commissioners) have an unlimited right and responsible for the accurate execution of orders of the Committee.
It should be noted that today the law states seek to adhere to humanitarian direction in policy and legislation.Undoubted priority rights and freedoms of citizens established and secured by the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
