international law of the sea - a set of specific rules and clear principles that govern the relations of the countries in the use of water space.From ancient times, this territory served mankind for different activities.People involved in seafaring, production of various resources, scientific research, etc.These days the States and organizations world-wide and come together in different relationships in the course of activities carried out in the water expanse.These relations are regulated by international maritime law, which is a set of legal norms.
Due to the nature of activities made in the waterways, the laws that govern it, are not going to the other areas of interstate relations.These are:
- freedom of navigation on the high seas;
- the right of free movement of maritime transport through the territorial waters belonging to foreign organizations;
- the right to peaceful transit through the straits which are used for the purpose of international shipping, etc.
international law of the sea appears part of the whole system of international legal acts.Water space of our planet are classified into:
- sovereign territories belonging to the state border;
- spaces that do not belong to any country of the world.
Depending on the identity of the group or another, different legal status of the water area.Seas and oceans that are considered state of the coastal territory of the country, have a uniform legal status.However, the legal regimes of territorial and archipelagic waters and internal differ from each other.A separate space is overlooking the straits which are used by the courts of the various states.
Sources of international law of the sea - Convention on the continental shelf and fisheries, protection of water resources and expanses of the coastal territory.The system of certain norms and principles concerning the use of a neutral space, contends freedom:
- flight;
- navigation;
- cabling conduits;
- fishing;
- studies of a scientific nature.
International Law of the Sea sets out the territorial waters of the subordination of the courts of jurisdiction of the State whose flag they develop on the mast.Military or police and border ships of other countries may not apply to them any restricting their freedom of action.This principle can be violated only in strictly limited cases, the purpose of which is to ensure the safety of navigation.So, the military court shall be entitled to seize pirate ships and arrest on board such persons.Subsequently, the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea is considering proceedings for acts of robbery or detention, violence or other acts of piracy and detained the crew made for personal gain.However, when the ship or aircraft is detained unreasonably, made a material payment for damages or losses.The same principle should be applied in respect of the rights of persecution.
international laws allow any state to arrest a ship on the high seas.Such actions shall be made, if a foreign ship was lawbreakers during the presence of the internal borders of the country.
UN Convention found that the space outside the territorial waters, as well as belonging to him the bottom is reserved for peaceful purposes.This means that States be prohibited in these areas, aggressive, provocative and hostile actions against other countries.
