first locomotive Stephenson and Cherepanovs become a big breakthrough in the art.It was the first device that began to be used as traction of trains on the railways.Traditionally, the first steam locomotive appeared thanks to the efforts of the English engineer George Stephenson.
he designed several locomotives for 14 years - the period from 1814 to 1828.All of them have started to run on the small lines relating to industrial enterprises.
first locomotive Stephenson and Cherepanovs had major shortcomings.On this basis, it was impossible to create a workable locomotive.Only in 1825, Stephenson organized the first locomotive plant in Darlington, where he built a steam locomotive "Lokomoshen", which was started by Stoleon-Darlington railway.Excellent work of the railway became the impetus for widespread railways and locomotive plant.
model for subsequent steam locomotives became "Rocket" - steam locomotive built by Stephenson in 1829.After five years in the Russian Vyisky plant mechanic Miron Yefimovich Cherepanov built the first domestic "land boat" or locomotive entirely from domestic materials.The first locomotive Stephenson and Cherepanovs started to gain popularity and credibility.
6 years later, construction began on the second locomotive.It was bigger than its predecessor due to the increased boiler, respectively, more powerful.
soon test the way in which experimented with their locomotives Cherepanov, it was dismantled at the initiative of the contractors carting horse that construction of the railway was not profitable.
soon began work on the construction of the railway route between St. Petersburg and Tsarskoye Selo.The first locomotive Stephenson and Cherepanovs made possible further work to equip the Russian territories railways.The works were supervised Gersner Franz, an Austrian engineer.He was well acquainted with the device of railways in Germany and Belgium, and believed that the width of the track in these countries does not allow locomotives to create the most efficient design.So he chose a wider track and remade under her compositions, commissioned in England and Belgium.
Gerstner wanted to ensure that the locomotives were able to carry some passenger cars, accommodating 300 passengers.By 1837 steam locomotive could drive part 23 of the car.Passengers took 12 cars, while the rest was given for loading livestock.
Since train regularly shuttled between Kuzmin and Pavlovsk village.In the autumn of 1837 the grand opening of the Tsarskoye Selo railway.In the next period trains ran only on holidays.
device locomotives meant 2 cylinder.Each of the first locomotives, walked the Tsarskoye Selo road, had the name."Agile", "Bogatyr", "Elephant", "Boom", "Lion", "Eagle".Later, the name was replaced by a series of numbers and the alphabet.
second railway was built between Warsaw and the Austrian border.The length of this section is 308 km.The road was built with the use of Stephenson gauge.For this railway until 1901 there were only foreign locomotives.
next stage of development of rail transport in Russia was the construction of highway Moscow-Petersburg.It first appeared common to all Russian railways that were built later, regularity: the track of the road has a width of 5 feet.The proposal for such a structure has been put forward either by Russian engineers, or consultants from America.This choice can be explained by the strategic considerations of safety or convenience of the width of the round number.
Railway construction was a big push for Russia to further industrial progress.The first locomotive in Russia was the greatest achievement, a new era.
