legislative process is a procedure for the approval and entry into force of legislation.The procedure begins with the introduction of the project and ends with the publication of the approved instrument.
in Russia define the steps of the legislative process:
1).The legislative initiative.The right to submission of the draft to the State Duma has the Federation Council, the President, the State Duma, the government, legislative bodies in the regions, Courts (Constitutional Arbitration, Supreme and Supreme).
2).The legislative process includes consideration of the draft.Generally, it is considered three times.In the first reading, the State Duma examines the general provisions, the second - carried out a thorough examination and amendment.In the third reading of a bill or approved or not in general.
3).The adoption of laws.In Russia, this procedure is carried out by means of voting.Federal acts are approved by a majority vote.Approval of the referendum law, acceptance of the state of a new entity, war or emergency is carried out with the approval of two-thirds of the votes.Approved acts are passed to the Federation Council within five days.
4).The legislative process comprises the step of the approval of the law in the Federation Council.Federal Acts deemed to be approved if they cast a vote for more than half of the members.Approval of federal constitutional law is carried out if they are voted for more than three quarters of all members.Rejection or approval of the Act shall be made no later than two weeks.
5).The signing of the law by the President of the country.The Head of State may, in turn, act to approve or veto it.The President shall take a decision within two weeks.The rejected law once again sent to the State Duma for revision and introduction of necessary amendments.To overcome a presidential veto if two-thirds of the members of the State Duma and the Federation Council vote in favor of the approval of the act in the previously approved wording.In this case, the law must be signed by the President within a week.
6).The publication of the act and its entry into force.Rounding out the legislative process promulgation of the law, which was signed by the President.Carried out during the week.Takes effect approved and signed the act for ten days (unless otherwise specified period) after the publication of the text in special editions.
existing law in time starts from the moment it entered into force, and ends at the time of its loss of its legal force.This may occur as a result of the expiration of the period of the law (for example, impose martial law for a period of three months), the abolition of the direct replacement of one or another act.Normally regulations do not have retroactive effect.This means that in the case of the offense using the law in force at the time it was committed.The exception in this case may be the new laws providing for the removal or mitigation of liability for an unlawful act has occurred, or other specified under special situation.
We have the limitations of legal norms in the space.Separate laws are effective only in specific areas.For example, the regulations adopted in one country do not work in another country.Some laws can be effective only within a specific region.Defining the rules of activity for national boundaries carried out by special agreements or regulations of the respective countries.
As a rule, laws apply to the entire population of the state, as well as foreign citizens and stateless persons who are on its territory.In other cases, the text of the normative act separately identify those persons to which it applies.
