Education (ideological trend in the 17-18 centuries) is based on the belief that knowledge of the natural order, which corresponds to the true nature of human society and the decisive role played by reason and science.Enlightenment cause human misery felt religious bigotry, ignorance and obscurantism.As opponents of the feudal-absolutist regime, they were in favor of civil equality and political freedom.
French education received its clearest expression in the years 1715-1789, and not by chance that this period is called "Age of Enlightenment» (siècle des lumières).It united progressive-minded representatives of art, scientists, philosophers, lawyers and others.
French Enlightenment of the 18th century created a new concept of the relationship between the state and the rights, priorities and the main orientations of modern enlightened individual, his ethical responsibilities as a carrier of higher authority - the mind.
In the 18th century France with the development of bourgeois relations and the strengthening of trade has become a relic of feudalism, it appears only in the estates of the structure of society.Bourgeois, unlike their predecessors, believed that the implementation of changes for the better is possible only through the use of such strong measures as education - the acquisition of knowledge, education, which properly orient the mind and relieve from prejudice.
French Enlightenment was the most significant event in Europe.To its supporters the role of reason was higher faith, they opposed the absolutism of the Church, for the freedom of thought and artistic creation.During this period, actively formed consciousness of the bourgeoisie.
Since the 30-40th.18th century, the first wave of enlightenment movement aesthetic and philosophical debates began to acquire greater acuteness and sharpness.From 1757 to the regular Salon in Paris began to show a variety of works of art that provide food for heated discussions.
philosophy of the French Enlightenment, often speaking in a brilliant literary form distinguishes her radical social and anti-clerical orientation.
«Patriarchs» Education in France, considered the French Enlightenment, Voltaire and Montesquieu, who laid its foundations until the end of the 40s.were its leaders, behind the scene then a new generation.Montesquieu was not destined to see it flourishing (60-70.), However, Voltaire in those years enjoyed great respect and popularity.
Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Holbach, Diderot, Helvetius, d'Alembert - those great people who were able to make a grand idea - to create a multi-volume "Encyclopedia", which combine the functions of education of citizens, promotion of science, chanting creative work.Lexicographer, as they called the Enlightenment, sharply criticized the state order, religion, old views on society and nature.Without an extremely important management grains contained in their teachings, it would be unthinkable or liberalism or democracy, or socialism of the 19th century.
Education is considered a form of human utopias with powerful real content.French education is precisely the great human utopia.Its fundamental feature of philosophy and doctrine is utopianism and illusion.Enlightenment classics were not the causes, conditions and consequences of its activities, which is why they put great, but ultimately unworkable, unattainable goal.
The classical model of education suggests its originality and uniqueness of the well-known, however, that the principles of its French model became the measure, the criterion of any other similar immovably.The French Enlightenment was a general expression of all that is inherent in this process as a phenomenon of world culture.
