After the baptism of Rus from Byzantium remained subordinate to its religious capital - Constantinople.Here was the patriarch (head of the whole church).He was appointed head of the Orthodox Church in Russia - Metropolitan.As a rule, the position occupied by the Greeks.In 1308 the patriarch in place of Metropolitan Peter decided to put the abbot, the abbot of the monastery in the southern lands of Volyn.It should be noted that their candidate for the post of Metropolitan nominated and Tver.But the choice of the patriarch fell on Peter.To somehow "balance" the election of the patriarch Peter sent to Vladimir, not south.
However Tver expressed dissatisfaction, and its rulers could not get along with the new Metropolitan.Peter found support at the Moscow princes.Once settled in Vladimir, Prince of Tver, the metropolitan moved to Moscow.Here Peter received very cordially.Pious and influential, beloved Peter began to raise the prestige of the city, creating the prerequisites further rise of Moscow.
With the support of the Metropolitan Ivan Danilovich (Prince of Moscow) started construction of the first temple of stone.Cathedral of the Assumption was built in accordance with the new status of the city.Subsequently, the temple was to be mainly in Russia.Metropolitan Peter buried themselves in the Assumption Cathedral.He died in 1326 and was buried in the unfinished church.Sanctify Cathedral in 1327. Since then, the temple became the burial place of the Metropolitans of Russia.
causes and conditions of the rise of Moscow
Ivan Daniilovich in 1327 the opportunity to deal with Tver.While the collection of tribute was carried Mongolian Baskakov - Khan collectors.Expressing dissatisfaction Tver people rebelled against baskak clicks (Cholhan).Moscow prince immediately informed about it to the Horde.As a reward for his service, Ivan Danilovich has received from the Khan shortcut to a great reign.
Tver Prince Alexander hiding in Pskov.Ivan Danilovich decided to get rid of the Tver prince forever.Arriving in Ordu, he slandered Alexander.Khan called Tver Prince to him and executed him and his son.Ivan Daniilovich Khan also made tax collectors from all over the Russian land.
Since then began an intensive rise of Moscow.The city and the prince himself to be rich.New lands brought considerable income.After joining Mozhaisk and Kolomna in the hands of the Moscow prince turned all the mainstream of the Moscow River - an important trade route.Principality not only get great duties, but also new opportunities for trade.The rise of Moscow was going fast enough.In the hands of Ivan Daniilovich it settled part of the tribute which he collected for the Horde.Wealthy Prince began to call Kalita ("money bag", "purse").Money Ivan Kalita began to invest in the rise of Moscow.
means prince helped usher in large-scale stone construction.In 1329 the church was erected in honor of the Byzantine theologian, canonized, St. John of the Ladder.Subsequently, on the site of the church was built belfry "Ivan the Great".In 1330 the church was built Savior on Bor (Savior Transfiguration) Spassky Monastery.By 1333 it was elevated to Cathedral of the Archangel (presumably instead of the Church of the Archangel Michael), who later became the burial place of the princes of Moscow.
since the reign of Ivan Kalita came into use in the Russian word "Kremnik" ("The Kremlin").So-called Moscow fortress.Denoted by the word "intercity fortress", "minced strengthening."The last contribution to the rise of Moscow Ivan Kalita contributed erection oak walls of the Kremlin.
The will of Ivan Kalita contained a rather extensive list of holdings, which are allocated to the prince.The document mentions the village Kolomninskom (Kolomenskoye), and many others who survived.
