Each house now has electricity.Modern life without him is hard to imagine.Therefore, during the construction of the new building is necessary to pay close attention to the wiring in it.The same requirement applies to the acquisition of private house, which was built many years ago.In most cases, the implementation of such works are hiring professionals.But some buildings owners decide to meet them on their own, so they need to know how to carry out the wiring in the house right.Also, this information will be useful in controlling processes performed by a specialist.
Development of projects for different types of buildings
This stage is the original, and the correctness of its implementation depends on the whole Wiring in the house.Development of schemes involved designers.Later projects are approved in special instances.The drawings are required for newly constructed homes.In addition, schemes and specifications required for the buildings, which is scheduled to perform alterations, resulting in almost completely change the existing wiring.Also during the extension of the additional floor is necessary to develop new energy blueprints.If you perform a scheduled replacement of the existing electrical wiring, then develop a project for this is required.You can already take advantage of the fact that there is also used to create the structure.
methods cabling
To know how to carry out the wiring in the house, it is necessary to examine two major options today its installation.The cable is open or closed method.In the first case, the wire is laid on the surface of the main load-bearing structures.These include ceilings and walls.In a second embodiment used Grooves, which are grooves made with a special tool in the load-bearing structures.In the future, these elements are sealed using plaster.It is also used to perform the wiring pipe.They may be plastic or steel.Their use helps to protect the cable from possible mechanical damage.Today it is considered that the most correct wiring in the house, which is the most secure - the one that is made with a hidden mounting options.
Components object necessary material
In order to answer the question: "How do the wiring in the house?"- It is necessary to choose the right electrical cable having a certain cross-section, as well as to know its length.Among the materials for the building power supply also includes switches and sockets, mounting boxes and lamps, electric boards and counters.It is necessary not to forget about the cable channels, or you can use a corrugated pipe.In addition, the need plaster and electrical tape.
Components installer
In answering the question: "How to make the wiring in the house?"- Always remember to equip the instrument the person who will perform the installation work.First of all it is required to buy a screwdriver, pliers, wire cutters and light.Also needed for successful drill or a hammer, which should have special nozzles.They are necessary for drilling jack used during the installation of switches and sockets.
wiring If it was decided to perform a flush, then this process will need a wall chaser.It is necessary for implementation of the furrow, which will be used for the cable in the wall of the building.This tool has two special disk capable of smooth recess cut in solid materials, for example, in brick or concrete.It also allows you to speed up the installation process.When performing such work can be dispensed ordinary grinder, but in this case it will be more dust because the tool has no special assembly for housing it.Furthermore, the process takes a long time.
Choice
wires required in the study of the question, "How to carry out the wiring in the house?"- You need to pay close attention to the selection of cable cross sections.The primary value to define it is absolutely total capacity of all appliances in the building.It should be required to provide a reserve of power.This enables the cable to stay cool, even if at the same time will include all appliances.
Currently wires for wiring in the house selected the following:
- For luminaires using a cable 3x1.5.
- sockets used for wire 3h2,5.
- for electric stoves, ovens, and various other devices with high power use cable 3x4.
When the cable is selected and carried it into the house wiring, circuit performance which can be open or closed, you must take into account that for each unit that consumes a lot of electricity, it is necessary to create a separate line.Also, it should be done for computer equipment to reduce or completely avoid electromagnetic interference.
length of all wires in the building does not depend only on the dimensions of the structure, but also from the materials used to create the electrical network.That is, they include the above switches, boxes, sockets and so on.Also be sure to keep in mind that in places where you are connecting cables, you need to leave a margin of about 10 cm.
Start installation work
Wiring in the house depends on correctly performed markup track.To carry out this process, it is necessary to take a small thickness of the cord or twine, which will be rubbed with chalk.Using them is marked backbone cable.She is a core wire extending from the switch box to the farthest and the last outlet.Positioning trunk cable you need only horizontally at a height of 150-250 mm from the ceiling.In addition, exactly the same distance to the core wire can be placed on the floor.The branches that extend from the trunk cable outlets, lights and switches, should be carried out in strict compliance with their verticality.
If the wire is to be laid at a slant, in this case, when performing any work on it very easy to be damaged.For example, it becomes relevant when the landlord is going to hang on the wall cabinets from kitchen units or pictures in the living room.
Select the number of outlets and switches
main indicator that influences the number of devices for supplying electricity or turn it off is the presence in the home electrical appliances.Thus, each lamp is usually installed on one switch.The number of sockets selected based on the conditions for the convenience of man.They can count on the number of the alleged conduct and the instruments used.For example, for cooking zone should be no less than three pieces.
placement of sockets and switches for lighting
Every device for supplying electricity or disconnection is usually located on the wall.Points for posting are located at different heights from the floor.Thus, switches, when a correct laying of cables in the building is usually located approximately one meter from the bottom surface of the room.For this value is not set clear rules, so each owner selects it for themselves individually.In addition, they must be at a distance of 100 mm from the jamb of the door opening and make sure it is on the side where the handle is located.With regard to sockets, for their installation does not exist today, the exact height.Typically, such devices are placed from 300 to 800 mm from the floor.It all depends on the location of electrical appliances.
Shtroblenie recesses for the cable and the electrical
most frequently performed works of this nature, when the wiring is carried out in the panel house or in a building constructed of brick.During the execution of this stage of installation is always a lot of noise and dust.According to this reason it is necessary to have on hand headphones, goggles and a respirator.After selecting all installation locations of switches, sockets, transfer cases and electric board, which are marked with a pencil, performed shtroblenie.This process is carried out in two steps.If a Bulgarian, run 2 strips side by side, the distance between them can vary from 1 to 5 cm, and the depth should be 20 mm.In general, these values depend directly on the amount pledged in the future wires.Thereafter, using a punch and a special nozzle brick or concrete is removed between the two slotted strips.To carry out the wiring in a wooden house, using an open method of laying cable.
to create a niche under the shield is necessary to walk along a marked contour grinder, hammer and then remove the wall material.If the depth of the first attempt is not getting enough, you need to complete the entire process all over again and repeat it until then, until you have enough space for installation.
Works on the installation boxes
Without this milestone during the installation of electric network is necessary.Wiring in the house, the scheme which has been selected for the preparatory phase, always involves the installation of transfer cases.To do this, most often used dowels or gypsum.In a prepared hole using the crown desired depth inserted device, which is attached above a consumable item.If you can not fix the original box using the plug, then applied plaster solution.Because it creates a base to which is attached an element in the future of electric home network.Use necessary stucco having setting time of up to three minutes.After applying it in the hole you need to immediately insert the installation box and immediately adjust it to the desired position.
Laying of wires and cables securing
always necessary to fix the building.This is regardless of how satisfied wiring in the building.For cutting grooves used two variants: wet or dry.At the beginning of one end of the cable is fixed in the mounting box, when it is necessary to leave a margin of about ten centimeters.If several wires, then connect them every 300 mm to each other using plastic fasteners.Use electrical tape or a single piece of cable attached to them anchor.A faster way is to use gypsum, but before that you need from Grooves remove all dust and then it primed.A first recess for the wire applied swabs every 300-400 mm, and only then they recessed cable.
electricity wiring in the building open method carried out by means of cable channels, which are made of non-combustible materials.This option takes the performer fixing the minimum amount of force.
Conclusion
Many people are interested in how to do the wiring in the house.To ensure correct execution of all processes, you should always consult specialists, if the property owner is not required skills and knowledge.Man in no way be responsible to carry out such work in the absence of the required qualifications, because it can lead to irreversible consequences.
