Wildlife needs protection.In our country has its own reserves and protected areas.In such a unique place as the Crimean peninsula, a long time, there is a nature reserve.The Crimean peninsula is rich in flora and fauna, minerals, mineral springs - you name it.In addition, it is a great historical region that attracts poachers and black diggers.
Creating reserve
surrounded on almost all sides by sea, connected to the mainland by only a relatively narrow isthmus Crimea - a welcome place of rest for thousands and thousands of tourists, which also pose a threat to the unique nature of a relic plants.In order to protect the only one of its kind gifts of nature in 1923 by decree of People's Commissars of the RSFSR it created the first nature reserve.Crimean imperial hunting reserve (year of establishment - 1913 th) with small areas on the mountain Big Chuchel has been expanded to 16 000 ha, and in the same year - up to 23 000.
Not only were shot, but cultured
It should be notedthat the king's sanctuary mainly brought here showed guests, including foreign animal.By zakaznik on the personal order of the king was laid a beautiful road still exists today under the name Romanov highway.There
designed specifically royal hunter service and look after reindeer tours, Iberian goats, mouflon and bison imported from Corsica.The sanctuary and nature reserve are not synonymous, they differ in that the first are under the protection of individual species, often rare or endangered plants and animals.
Soviet times when the whole territory, and all that it exists, is a ward of the state, is a nature reserve.Crimean land ward immediately got a weather station, a laboratory and a museum.There has been conducted active research work.But the war did not spare nothing: protected forests burned on a plot size of 1,500 hectares, were completely exterminated the bison, most of the deer and deer destroyed the museum and laboratory.But immediately after the liberation of Crimea from the invaders, in 1944, the Crimean Nature Reserve was restored and expanded its territory up to 30 300 hectares.In 1949 it was established the branch of "Swan Island".It consists of the northwestern part of the peninsula and the six islands where a lot of birds - up to 265 species.Among them constantly live on the islands 25 species, including swans.During the reign of Khrushchev and Brezhnev reserve land was turned into a government hunting areas frequented not only by domestic political bonzes, but also overseas.Reserve status was restored in 1991.
Geographic data
That now represents this area and what are its dimensions?The total area of 44 175 m is divided into two parts.Branch "Swan Island" occupies 9612 hectares in the north-western part of the steppe zone of the peninsula, and share the waters of the Gulf of Karkinit, part of the Black Sea, located between the coast of the peninsula and the mainland.The remaining 34,563 hectares - is mining and forestry, and the bulk of the reserve.It includes portions of the Main Ridge of Crimean Mountains, Inner mountain slopes and hollows between them.In the reserve are part of the Yalta and Gurzuf Yayla Yayla, Babugan-Yayla and Chater-Doug-Yayla.Crimean mountain pasture (summer pastures) - a hilly plateau with peaks.On Chater-Doug-Yayla located the highest mountains - Roman-Kosh (1,545 m) and Big Chuchel (1387).In this part there are more than 300 mountain springs, the river Alma, Kacha, and a dozen others.
Flora and Fauna Reserve
is necessary to stipulate that in the Crimea more than one reserve.There are similar patterns on capes Opuk and Marian, there Yalta, Kazantip, Karadag reserves, is "the Astana marshes" and reserves the Crimea.On the peninsula, there are 30 facilities in addition to the above national parks and 73 protected natural monument.Flora and fauna is so rich that deserves a separate article.One can only note that here grow 1200 species of plants, 29 of which are listed as endangered in Europe.The fauna is represented by 200 species (160 - birds, 37 - mammals) vertebrates, 30 of which are also in the Red Book.Invertebrates - 8,000 species.The distribution of flora and fauna dependent on altitude zones.It focuses half of all species of flora and fauna of the Crimea.
Dimensions impressive
boundaries of the Crimean Nature Reserve, or rather mountain-wood part without the "Swan Island", located in the north-west of the peninsula, you can see on the attached map-scheme.It is evident that it is the biggest in Crimea.
In addition, he is the oldest.Naturally, after the return of the Crimea to the Russian border all the reserves will vary: in front of them will be a massive challenge.
awaited and decent memory
Jubilee anniversary of the Great Victory in the Crimea has been met adequately.Among the many held in honor of the 70th anniversary of the event would like to mention one thing - the opening of a monument to the Crimean Nature Reserve.Museum of Partisan Glory is the first object of cultural heritage, which was built in the last year, which is held in the Peninsula of Russia.The museum is located at an altitude of 1300 meters above sea level, on the territory of the cordon red stone.It is a tribute to the guerrillas, whose number was significant.500 of them gave their lives for the liberation of Crimea.
Part provided tourists
reserve covers part of the mountains between Yalta and Alushta.Here is the famous "Garden of winds" from which you can see the Ayu-Dag, Gurzuf and Partenid.Here is Cosmas-Damianovsky monastery, which dates back Savluh-Su - one of the famous mineral springs reserve.There are quite a large trout farm.For several reasons independent tourists visiting the reserve is prohibited, entry only with a pass, by appointment only and accompanied by a guide.
new life undergoing Crimean Natural Reserve.Alushta, which is the original capital of the forest reserve, it has a special place - here is the management of the reserve, the Museum of Nature and dendrozoopark.1600 exhibits tell about the flora and fauna of the reserve, the history of its creation.
Famous routes
From Alushta starts two eco-educational route for organized visits.Crimean Natural Reserve provides tours only from this resort city.At first the route is given for 2 hours.-Anticipated visit to Cosmas Damian monastery and trout farm.Monastery about 160 years.It is 22 km from Alushta at an altitude of 750 meters above sea level.It is a functioning monastery, the main courtyard which - in a small town Partenit.Trout farm built in 1958.Tourists are offered to explore the science lab in the open air.
Timeless Crimea
route number 2 60 km called "reserve Crimea."At 5 hours, tourists will learn and admire the unique beauty of this part of the Crimea.Tour begins and ends in Alushta on Pear cordon, the road to which is rather complicated, because a serpentine.Part of it is the famous, built in 1913, a road paved order of Nicholas II, the so-called Romanov highway, surrounded by a stunning wildlife.On the route many lookouts, which includes a stop.Besides the two objects of the first route includes visits Chuchelskogo pass from which road leads to the beech forests and the source of the largest local river Kachi.Next stop - the culmination of the route, "Arbour of winds", located at an altitude of 1424 meters above sea level.Among the many attractions at the bottom you can see the "Artek".The following Nikita Pass lies the stop - a cordon the Red Stone.
Reviews
words to describe the delights offered a choice of routes is not possible, they should be seen.You could say that the Crimean Nature Reserve is the most enthusiastic reviews.Even if we stipulate some drawbacks, it still ends with the remark exclamations of admiration nature, the beauty of unique species, air, an amazing combination of sea and mountains.
