system of law enforcement agencies in any country includes in its structure a large number of departments, each of which performs a specific list of certain functions.On one falls the task of carrying out operational and investigative work to identify foreign spies (counterintelligence), others have to deal with the disclosure of criminal offenses, and others performing functions for the protection of officials.It may seem strange, but in almost every country there are special security agencies, which operate on a par with private security firms and military companies.The establishment of such bodies is connected with the need to ensure the protection of the higher ranks of the state, important politicians, diplomats, and so on. N. Entrust such an important task of a private organization just stupid, because it does not give guarantees about the actions of their subordinates.Besides qualifications and is in serious doubt.So are government agencies, which lies entirely a function of protection.In this article we will talk about such an agency in the system of law enforcement bodies of the Russian Federation, which is called the Federal Security Service.
Understanding
FSO FSO of Russia - is a service of the federal protection, which is of special services and is engaged in the protection of the higher ranks of government, leaders of the country, as well as providing a secure and protected connection.This agency is part of the services that provide security.This means that the Russian Federal Security Service has the authority to carry out search operations, together with the Federal Security Service, GFS, CBP and others. The service in this structure take Russian citizens in the civil service in the protection of the FSO, as well as contract servicemen.It should be noted well-created and effective organizational structure of the FSO.Explanation of abbreviations service makes it clear what functions are assigned to the structure, but some of the powers of a lot of people do not realize.Before moving on to examining the body, it is necessary to study in detail its rich history.
Security authorities in the royal period
history of the civil protection dates back more from the XVII century.The founder of the structure, which would have protected the king only, was Artamanov Matthew.This man is the first time ever proposed to allocate a certain number of people from the musketeer regiments to protect the king.Nevertheless, these units are not professional.By and large they were created from the conventional military.His unreliability of such an organization showed during the Decembrist uprising in 1825, when many "royal guards" to the side of the rebels.The first in the history of the Russian state agency protection appeared as soon as in 1881.Its structure includes a plurality of units, each of which performs its functions.
9th department of the KGB
With the fall of autocracy need for security senior government officials has not disappeared.This question is quite acute emerged during the Soviet era.It was necessary to ensure the protection of absolutely all the communist elite, which kept the totalitarian machine.The task of such importance can be trusted "in the hands" of only one organ of the USSR - the KGB.9th management of a law enforcement officer is considered to be the ancestor of FSO Russia. Management senior executives involved in the protection of the government and the Communist Party.The selection of officers is fairly serious.In Service to physically fit, highly intelligent man who had military training.Virtually all of the party and political leadership was provided by professional security guards 9th Directorate of the KGB.
executives who guarded 9th management
Among the "clients" of this department were such prominent politicians as Mikhail Solomentsev (head of the Party Control Committee), Anatoly Lukyanov (Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR in 1991), Boris PugoNikita Khrushchev and others.In 1991, management was derived from the KGB, and in 1996 was created by the FSO, deciphering which reads as follows: The Federal Security Service.
Operating principles and regulatory framework
FSO the Russian Federation is a federal body which carries out certain security of state protection on the basis of legal, operational-search, security, institutional and other measures.The legal basis for the structure is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws and other normative-legal acts regulating the range of issues within the scope of the structure.Act out the important role the international treaties that are part of the legal framework of the Federal Security Service.There are a number of internal regulations governing the work of the FSO.In the course of business, the agency adheres to the principles, namely:
- respect and respect for fundamental rights and freedoms and human rights;
- the legality of actions;
- interaction with other agencies to ensure safety;
- mix in the process of overt and covert methods;
- control and supervision.
From all the foregoing it follows that the activities of the FSO is a purely democratic and transparent, although the level of secrecy within the structure is large enough.
main tasks performed by the FSO
activities of the Authority directs the President of the Russian Federation.The main body includes the following tasks:
1) Ensuring the safety of objects of protection in their place of permanent residence and the immediate, as well as in the course of their movement.
2) Identification, prediction of the threat that may arise for the objects of protection and take all necessary measures for its elimination.
3) prevent any encroachment on the object of protection.
4) Elimination and prevention of crimes and other offenses at the facilities or in the field of protection of their stay.
5) Real-time protection of objects of protection.
6) all possible assistance in the fight against terrorism.
7) Safety Communication.
8) Anti intelligence information and providing secret government communications.
9) Ensuring the personal safety of employees and the management of the FSO.
Russian Academy FSO
New footage for federal protection are trained and trained.The service is available to everyone in the FSO physical development of an adult young man who has military training or higher education.Most of the staff comes from a higher educational institution, which trains specialists for the Federal Service.FSO Academy was founded in 1966.Over the years, this institution changed its name many times, yet his features remained unchanged.Academy FSO is part of the authorities to ensure public security.It provides higher education, which provides for military service.Duration of training can vary from 5 to 6 years, depending on the specialty.The academy education is given in the following specialties:
- radio;
- information security;
- Multichannel telecommunication systems;
- system communications network;
- legal security (Law Faculty).
After graduation, students must pass 5 years of service, at the same time they are given the rank of lieutenant.Thus, the FSO Academy - a higher educational institution that trains specialists for the Federal Security Service in the Russian Federation.Today it is one of the most prestigious institutions in the Russian Federation.
Presidential Security Division
engaged in physical protection of the president, a special system FSO.Explanation of its activities is not possible, because the information on its work related to state secrets.Today it is one of the most elite units of the Russian Federation.His employees are responsible for the physical protection of the President of the Russian Federation, as well as carry out a special operation in order to prevent and to prevent the assassination attempt on the president.
Conclusion So, we got acquainted with the history, functions and main tasks of the FSO.Decryption of all data on the work of the service is not possible, because its activity is classified.Nevertheless, the article describes all regulations, according to which the Federal Service performs its functions.Taking into account any confidentiality may request or in person at the Russian Federal Security Service.Address service in the capital can be found in the directory, although it is known to all: Russia, Moscow, the Kremlin.
