Do not we all know that at the meeting of 20.6.1943 Commissar of Defense of the Soviet Union discussed the creation of the project of the Order of Victory.By the time the top leadership of the Soviet country did not doubt the victory of our troops over Nazi Germany.In this connection, directly to the Supreme Commander of the meeting proposed the establishment of a military award, arguing that the victory over fascism would not have been without military glory.
How was born the Order of Glory soldier
At the beginning of August 1943 Agin SV, who led the Red Army tehkomitet Main Office, was responsible task, which is in the drafting of the new military order.To work started immediately 9 artists created sketches of 30, 4 of which have been presented for approval to Stalin personally.Stalin chose one of them.It was the work of the artist Nikolay Moskalev.He was the author of all the orders that were awarded to soldiers for the defense of Soviet cities, as well as the Order of Kutuzov.
author of the project proposed the establishment of an award with four degrees of difference, like the George Cross.As planned Moskalev military award could be called the Order of Bagration.Not for nothing the artist based his order of St. George was because he was the most respected among the soldiers of the time.
Design awards and the author of the idea was approved by Stalin, but he insisted that the award should be called the Order of Glory.In addition, he ordered to reduce the number of degrees of difference to 3 to equate to the awards of the Order of the generals.The Order of Glory 10.23.1943 finally approved, and soon began chasing the first samples of the award.
little about military regalia
Promotion soldiers began to award the lowest degree of difference.Then followed the award for increasing the degree of difference ─ II and I. The award was the highest degree of distinction were made of gold, silver was used for minting award of II degree.The central image on the medallion is a gilded Frolovskaya (Savior) tower.
At various times of the soldier's awards several times changed its appearance.However, not all know that the arrow on the astronomical clock tower, too, each time showing different times.The Order of Glory III degree had the same composition, but the image is not covered with gold medallions.Cavalier of the Order may assign the rank of the next stage is at the request of the command.For example, the foreman can immediately become mL.lieutenant, and he, in turn, get the lieutenant shoulder straps.
Order of Glory 3rd degree WWII distinguished soldiers could hand the brigade commander or an officer, who held a high position.Commanders of armies and fleets to make decisions and signed a decree on awarding the oversight of the military Order of II degree.The Supreme Council of the USSR took the decision to award the Order of the fighters I level differences.Since the end of February 1947 a decision on awarding servicemen took only the Presidency.
include combined arms awards, which were created during the years of the Nazi occupation of confrontation, the Order of Glory of the Soviet Union was the last.However, even after it was issued the Order of Ushakov and Nakhimov Order of Admiral, but they are used only for the award of the Soviet seamen.
On peculiarities soldier
awards Order of Glory WWII was special and different from other awards.First of all, it was originally intended as a reward soldiers.For their courage in battle it could qualify for the sailors and soldiers of the Red Army, as well as junior lieutenants aviation.Soviet officers were unable to receive this award.
characteristic feature of the Order of Glory are the following: the award was given only to the people for their military exploits.Military units can not claim it as different organizations.In addition, all three have the same Order of Glory of colored tape, which is a distinctive feature of the pre-revolutionary military regalia.
Detailed description insignia
Order is made in the form of five-pointed star, and the distance between the tops of the star is 46 mm, each of which has a convex surface, edged bumpers.In the center of the circle of the Order is a bas-relief medallions with Kremlin tower, on which the Star Ruby.The lower part of the medallion has a ruby ribbon with the word "glory", which is made in capital letters.On either side of this ribbon on the inside of the medallion are laurel branches symbolizing victory.
The central beam has an ear, through which the threaded ring, so that made awards to mount sash block.Sash block has a pentagonal shape, and its finish is moire ribbon, part of the width of 24 mm.On the tape, there are three longitudinal stripes of black and two orange, which alternate with each other and symbolize the flames of fire and smoke (St. George Ribbon).Along both edges of the tape passes millimeter line orange.Due to the pin located on the back of the sash block, the reward is attached to the garment.
to issue the Order of Glory to the number, which is located on the reverse side of the medallion.It must be the same as the entry in the order books.Note that the Order of Glory III degree were made of silver, whose weight in the product is about 20.6 grams, with a total weight Awards '23
central circle of the medallion of the Order of II degree has a gold-plated, and the weight and content of the award coincides with the silver award III degreedifferences.Order of I degree was made of gold the highest standard, which is contained in the award of 29 g, with a total weight of its '31
first awarded the Order of "smoke and fire»
Shortly after the approval of the new order - 11.13.1943 - was a historic event.The first award, which was awarded the Senior Sergeant Vladimir Malyshev.At that time, he served as a sapper.He was able to destroy the enemy machine-gun crew, which made it impossible to Soviet soldiers breaking through the enemy's defenses.Later Malyshev earned the same award of II degree.Almost simultaneously with the Order of Glory III degree awarded Sapper Sergeant G. Israelyan, who served in the 140th Infantry Regiment.This award has written newspaper "Krasnaya Zvezda", another edition of which came out of 20.12.1943
Award Sergeant Israelian held on the orders of Command Infantry Division from 11.17.1943.It happened almost as soon as the award was established by order of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet.Israelian GA ended the war in the status of a full cavalier of the Order.No less interesting is the awarding zamkomvzvoda battery antitank guns senior sergeant I. Harina, who fought in one of the units at the II Ukrainian front.Ivan Harin was awarded the Order of Glory III degree by the order № 1. This award he won for two downed ACS "Elephant" and three enemy tanks in one battle.
Awarded the Order of Glory Red Army sappers Vlasov Andrey Baranov and Sergey were the first, who was awarded the Order of II degree difference.At that time, they fought in the 665 reconnaissance battalion of sappers.At the end of November 1943 he made a reconnaissance sortie into the enemy's rear, at the same time destroying the barbed wire, so that the soldiers 385 th Krichevsky division succeeded in defeating the Nazis defense unscathed.
About cavalry and heroes, soldiers deserved award
is believed that during the period 1941-1945 about 998 thousand. Soviet soldiers received the Order of Glory 3rd degree.List of awardees continue fighters in the amount of 46.5 thousand. People who have received the Order of II degree difference.It is much less than those who received the highest award.Awarded the Order of Glory I degree fighters had to make a truly outstanding feat.There were 2620 people.
Asked how many members of the Order of Glory exists, it should be noted that the full gentlemen, there are just over 2.5 thousand. Of these, only four were awarded the Star of Hero of the Soviet Union.This is Staff Sergeant Artillery AV Aleshin and NI Kuznetsov, the pilot of attack aircraft ml.Lieutenant JG Drachenko Guard sergeant and Dubinda PH should be noted that 647 people - members of the Order of III degree and 80 - II degrees were Heroes of the Soviet Union.
interesting case from the life of the owners of winning
January 15, 1945 the 215th Infantry Regiment was on the Polish territory.At that time he was a member of the 77th Division, defending Pulavsky bridgehead, which was located near the Vistula River.On this day, the 1st Battalion of the regiment made a quick breakthrough and ripped solid defense the Nazis.The soldiers continued to hold positions captured until it arrived, the main Soviet forces.The capture of Hitler's Defence Petrov's own body guard shut the machine gun of the German invaders, making Battalion quickly captured the German positions.During this operation every fighter battalion received the Order of Glory 3rd degree.The list of awardees includes all personnel of the battalion.Major Combat Yemelyanov posthumously awarded the Star of Hero.Company commanders of the battalion received an award of the Order of the Red Banner.Order of Alexander Nevsky awarded platoon commander unit.
about the courage of Soviet women
known that Soviet women also fought bravely during the war.Some were able to become full holders of the Order of Glory.Staniliene D. Yu was the first knight of women.She served during the war in the Lithuanian Infantry Division with the rank of sergeant and was based machine gunner.In one of the battles with German troops its commander was seriously wounded.His Danuta replaced and alone held back the German infantry attack.For this, she received the Order of Glory III degree.By the end of the summer of 1944 in a village near Polotsk Lyutovka Danuta managed to repel the fascist attack, resulting in destroyed more than 40 enemy infantry.Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union on March 26 victory in 1945 signed a decree on awarding Stniliene DY Order of Glory I degree.
Twenty Year girl came to the front of Rosa Sanin.Service began in April 1944. She was a sniper, on account of its many slain enemies.Only confirmed to Rose could destroy more than 50 Nazis.She managed to become a knight of the Order of Glory II and III degree.January 28, 1945, near Ilmsdorfa, Sergeant Shanin heroically died at the age of 21 years.
Soviet aviatrix Nadezhda Zhurkina in mid-spring of 1944 as part of the combat crew committed sorties over populated areas of the Pskov region.During committed 23 sorties, she managed to photograph the location of enemy units and military equipment, as well as to reflect a dozen attacks in the air.Zhurkina received the Order of the III degree, for their courage in battle.In the autumn of the 44th Zhurkina he was awarded the II degree - for the bombing of the enemy in the Latvian territory.Before the war, she received the Order of the highest distinction of the other quite a feat.
Nina Pavlovna Petrova started the war in the 48 years of age and joined the ranks of the Leningrad division of the national militia.A little later he moved to the medical unit of the division.In the period from January 16 to March 2, 1944 in the battles with the Nazis destroyed 23 Nazis for which he received in the late spring of that year, the award III degree.By the end of the war for personal exploits she received the Order of Glory highest distinction.
Marina Semenovna Necheporchukova during the war served as a medic.At the beginning of August 1944 near the Polish city of Gzhibuv were fierce battles with the Nazi occupiers.Marina Semenovna made on themselves from the battlefield, and then helped 27 soldiers of the Red Army.Later, he saved the life of one of the Soviet officers and evacuated him from the battlefield under Magnuszew.During this autumn 44th he was awarded the Order of Glory 3rd degree.List of awardees joined two other fighters Necheporchukovoy fellow soldiers, for the evacuation of the wounded.In late March 1945, the Kustrin she helped a large number of wounded soldiers, for which he was awarded the Order of Military Glory II degree.Later, in one of the battles, where the Germans had a strong resistance, MS Necheporchukovoy managed to take on itself the battlefield wounded soldiers and officers in the amount of 78 people.For this feat in May 1945 she received an award Order of Glory I degree.
Who could have awarded
Each fighter could get in was awarded the Order of Glory III degree.What gave this award will help to understand the statute of the Order.So worthy of this award could be for the following steps.
- destruction of at least 3 enemy aircraft machine gun and artillery fire.
- lined with two or more enemy tanks using anti-tank guns.
- Continued combat missions in a burning tank.
- Destruction of ten or more German soldiers and officers through the use of personal weapons.
- downed enemy tanks using anti-tank grenades.
- Establish gaps in the defense of the Nazis as a result of a one-man reconnaissance, as well as summarizing our troops behind enemy safe route.
- withdrawal or seizure of enemy positions or patrols during the night (alone).
- A separate raid behind enemy lines and destroy the mortar or machine-gun crew.
- downed enemy aircraft using personal weapons.
- destruction during the conduct of air combat fighter to 3 or 6 bombers.
- Destruction of enemy trains, military units, bridges, grocery enemy bases, power plants and other facilities strategic importance, being a crew member of the bomber.
- Conducting intelligence operations to give information about the enemy, as a member of the crew of the spy plane.
- After bandaging wounds and return to the fighter order and the continuation of warfare.
- for ignoring the personal safety of the capture of the enemy's flag.When
- sole capture of an enemy officer captured.
- Ignoring his own life to save the life of the commander.
- Save the banner part, disregarding his own life.
Some facts about the heroes-order bearers
Full Cavalier of the Order, which was awarded this honor in the age of sixteen, became Kuznetsov.In the performance of 16 years, he had command of the department and was awarded the highest degree of distinction.
Soviet Order of Glory during the war and received a well-known actors of cinema.It is impossible not to recall the famous Alexei Smirnov Kravchuk, who became a Knight of the soldier's glory.Rewarding A. Smirnov Order of Glory III degree held on 01.09.1944, and on April 27 he was awarded the Order of II degree.
Fyodor Roller also became a Knight of the Order of the III and II degrees.He served in the 32nd Slonimsky Pomeranian Brigade of the 2nd Panzer Army.
