Antibiotics - a group of medicines to be faced in a particular case, almost everyone.Despite the fact that the said drugs are considered difficult, without, unfortunately, it can not do - in particular in the treatment of pneumonia.What are antibiotics for pneumonia are used most often and why they are the most effective means to combat this disease, we will discuss in this article.
What factors influence the choice of drugs for inflammation of the lungs?
pneumonia In medicine, refers to a group of severe and life-threatening diseases of the patient.The agents of this disease can be and viruses, and fungi.But more often the basis of the disease is infection with the bacterium - pneumococcus, streptococcus, staphylococcus, and so on. N. The plot is easily thus ceases to function properly, causing a variety of serious consequences for the organism.
Not long ago, the main antibiotics to combat pneumonia was easy to identify, since this disease was treated only drug penicillin.But, as it turned out, the bacteria can develop resistance to drugs.Who has named antibiotics may not be as effective, the researchers had to develop new drugs.In our time, there was a great number of them as well, and at the same time it is difficult for the doctor, because now he has to take into account a lot of factors to choose the appropriate treatment.
What antibiotics for pneumonia will be appointed, and now depends on many things: take into account not only the disease but also its causes, susceptibility to the drug, as well as which drugs in this group have use in patients earlier.
How can prescribe treatment for pneumonia?
to diagnosis was as accurate as possible, the composition of the patient's sputum laboratory is determined by a type of bacteria that triggered the disease.In decoding analysis typically indicated pharmacological group, and among its preparations doctor selects that has the least side effects and contraindications.It is thus mainly about the following groups of antibiotics:
- cephalosporins ("Aksetin", "Supraks" "Cefixime", "Zinat" and others.);
- fluoroquinolones ("Levofloxacin", "Avelox", "Moksimak", "Moxifloxacin" and so on. N.);
- macrolides ("Azithromycin", "Hemomitsetin" "Sumamed" and others.),
- tetracycline ("Doxycycline", "Tetracycline", "Oxytetracycline hydrochloride", and so on. D.).
in each of them are active ingredients that allow a specialist to choose the most accurately than to treat pneumonia.Antibiotics selected based on the particular case, and to expand the scope of the drugs is quite common to assign funds from two groups.
use of antibiotics, depending on the pathogen
Not difficult to guess that each of these series is best to cope with certain types of pneumonia pathogens.Thus, macrolides best effect on the activity of pneumococcal pneumonia provoked.Treatment with antibiotics from the group of fluoroquinolones in this case turns out to be ineffective and to the drugs tetracycline these microorganisms are practically insensitive.
for Haemophilus influenzae are the most active drugs of fluoroquinolones, and if the disease is caused by Enterobacteriaceae - drugs from the group of third-generation cephalosporins.When treating the Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydia choose usually macrolides and antibiotics from the tetracycline group.
What antibiotics are used more often
course in medicine at the same time, there are antibiotics in pneumonia doctors enjoying the greatest popularity.For example, if the patient is under 60 years old, he has no diabetes or pathologies of the cardio-vascular system, for the treatment of segmental or focal pneumonia professionals prefer well-proven drugs "Avelox" and "tavanic" (which, by the way, rather than hischeaper counterpart "Loksof" or "levofloxacin").If they are taken in combination with pills "Amoxiclav" or "Augmentin", the positive effect can be achieved within two weeks after the start of reception.
If the patient's condition is not improving, and the temperature does not drop even on the fourth day, you should choose other antibiotics against pneumonia.Typically, in such cases, prescribers "Azitro-Sandoz" or "Sumamed" instead of "Augmentin".
good combination use of tablets is also considered "Sumamed" (1 tab. 1 per day) in combination with intramuscular or intravenous injection of the drug "Fortum" (2 mg 2 times a day).
Top shots: antibiotics for pneumonia
course of injections of antibiotics for pneumonia usually takes seven to ten days.But in any case, this treatment can not be carried out independently, without the appointment and supervision of a physician, or to interrupt the prescribed course, deciding that the state of health has improved.All of this eventually provoke the surviving bacteria resistant to drugs, and finished the cure or returning pathology will take place is more complicated, and the harder to treat.
most often in the form of injections, the following antibiotics for pneumonia:
- «Ceftriaxone" (it is administered every 12 hours, pre-diluted in the solution novocaine).
- «Amoxicillin" in combination with the drug "Sulbactam" (3 p. Per day).
- «Azithromycin" administered intravenously.This is done by slow drip, because the drug can not chop intramuscularly.
way, it should be noted that the use of antibiotics has several features.Thus, the conclusion that you need to replace the drug can be made only after 2-3 days after the start of treatment.The reason for this decision may be the risk of serious side effects or excessive toxicity of any antibiotic that will not allow them to take a long time.
Basic rules for injection of pneumonia
Effective antibiotics for pneumonia will be able to choose a doctor.But if the patient shows outpatient treatment, it is necessary to give him an injection to someone from relatives.In this case, in order not to cause unnecessary complication, some rules should be followed.
- Remember that a course of antibiotics for pneumonia may not be less than 10 days.
- the appointment of injections, which are issued in the form of powders, remember to plant them only immediately before the procedure.Do not make it in advance!
- for breeding antibiotic use saline, procaine, lidocaine or water for injection.They were taken in a standard ratio: 1 g of the preparation - 1 ml.
- Before the first prick do a skin test.To do this, scratched sterile disposable syringe needle from the skin and apply a few drops on the wound designated funds.If after 15 minutes she blushed and began to itch, the allergy to the medicine there.Otherwise, it must be replaced.
- If the injections is painful infiltration - it is applied to the net iodine to accelerate resorption.
What antibiotics are referred to standby
In the case of heavy flow pneumonia patients received the so-called reserve drugs.That is potent antibiotics that are "left behind" in case of emergency physicians (it's all done easily because the bacteria develop resistance to drugs).
Therefore it is necessary to remember their name.Antibiotics for pneumonia with severe - a "Ceftazidime", "Timentin", "sparfloxacin," "Tientam", "Grimipenem."They are not appointed in the case of mild or moderate disease, because no one is immune from further surgical interventions, and similar health problems when their application would be particularly necessary.
What antibiotics should not be used
view of the already mentioned high drug resistance microorganisms cause inflammation of the lungs, antibiotics, listed below, will not give the desired effect.These tools include:
- simple penicillins ("Bitsellin", "Ampicillin", "Oxacillin" and so on. N.),
- cephalosporins first and second generation ("cefazolin", "Cephalexin", "Tsefamizin")
- fluoroquinolones first and second generation ("Nalidixic Acid", "norfloxacin", "Ofloxacin" and "Ciprofloxacin").
Do not set yourself antibiotics!
Finally I want to emphasize that self-applied antibiotics is very dangerous, but not just because they can cause serious side effects.
matter what antibiotics treat pneumonia microorganisms rapidly develop drug resistance to them.This means that every new case in which the need to take these drugs, threatened by the fact that the expected action does not occur.This, of course, delay the course of the disease and cause various difficulties.Therefore, in order not to put themselves in the future in a difficult situation, do not self-medicate.And good luck!
