The oil industry is the main sector of the global fuel and energy industry.It not only affects the international economic relations, but also often causes military conflicts.This article provides a rating of the largest companies in the world, which is a leader in oil production.
rating criteria
In compiling the ranking of oil experts estimate the world's largest companies on such basic criteria:
- volumes of raw materials;
- available reserves;
- refining capacity;
- performance of the oil companies;
- sales of crude oil and refined products.
is important to note that the results of all known each other ratings may be different.This is explained by using different criteria during evaluation.For example, the Energy Intelligence rating is compiled on the basis of quantitative indicators of production (the level of production, reserves, processing volumes and sales) and financial characteristics missed.We will consider list of the best oil companies, which first made Forbes.
Ranking oil giants according to Forbes
Forbes gave his list, which represents the largest oil companies in the world in 2014.The list includes 25 companies that produce the largest amount of oil in the world.Let us dwell on the most powerful giants of this rating.
Saudi Aramco
Saudi Arabia is considered the world leader in the oil industry.Saudi Aramco Corporation is the largest national energy corporation.It has a network of processing facilities, manages the transportation of oil.Saudi Aramco is the largest and newest fleet of supertankers, which can not match even the largest companies in the world.
According to the rating, the corporation in 2014 to extract oil in the largest volumes - more than 12 million barrels a day.A large amount of oil the country produces in the plains of the Eastern Province.The company also has a hole in the territorial waters of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
Today the main office of the company manages 99% of all gold reserves of gold in Saudi Arabia, which is ¼ of the oil reserves of the entire world.
company "Gazprom Neft»
This company is a powerful oil company in Russia.The company is engaged in exploration locations of raw materials, production and marketing of oil and gas as well as petroleum products.Branches of the company are working on all oil and gas regions of the country.Primary processing plants are located in Yaroslavl, Omsk and Moscow regions.In addition, "Gazprom Neft" is successfully implementing oil projects in Venezuela, Iraq and other countries.The largest companies in the world offer contracts for Russian cooperation in the oil industry.
group "Gazprom Neft" consists of 80 structural units in Russia and abroad.Thanks to a well-established pattern of sales, the company sells a lot of oil on the domestic market and abroad.At the disposal of "Gazprom oil" has over 1,700 filling stations in Russia, CIS and Europe.
According to estimates Forbes, the company "Gazprom Neft" took second place in the ranking of "the largest oil companies of the world 2014" with the volume of production of 9.7 million barrels per day.
National Iranian Oil Company
Oil in Iran began in 1908.After 40 years, the Iranian Oil Ministry established the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), whose objectives are the search for oil and attraction of foreign capital.By the time the black gold has taken a key role in the economic development of the country, so the production of black gold received the status of a national patrimony and moved to the full control of the Government.
Now the company is engaged in oil and gas production, transportation and export them.The company primarily supplies the production plants and refineries in the country, and sells surplus abroad in accordance with the quota, "OPEC".
NIOC is considered one of the largest oil companies in the world.It has 1/10 of the world's oil reserves.The company owns oil and gas bearing sites in Iran, Azerbaijan and the North Sea.Activities NIOC is extensive units engaged in the exploration, drilling, production, processing and transportation resources.The structure of the company has 21 subsidiary company, two of which are the largest.
in the rating "The largest companies in the world in 2014» NIOC is in third place with 6.4 million oil barrels per day.Iran is one of the world leaders of oil, but because of the introduction of international sanctions against his company was forced to reduce the volume of production of black gold.
ExxonMobil
ExxonMobil, began its activities on the basis of trust Standard Oil, founded by American billionaire John D. Rockefeller in 1882.Known nowadays corporation was established in the late XX century as a result of the merger of two brands of Exxon and Mobil, under which and now available motor oils and lubricants.
American Petroleum Corporation is engaged in the development of new oil fields, its production, transportation and sales.Also ExxonMobil produces oil: olefins, polyethylene, polypropylene, and flavoring.The company is actively involved in international economic relations and cooperates with 47 countries.
Oil, ExxonMobil is the largest international energy corporation.She is considered a leader in the ranking of successful and expensive business, which includes the largest companies in the world.The market value of ExxonMobil over 400 billion.By quantitative indicators of oil (about 5 million barrels a day), the corporation ranks fourth in the international ranking.
PetroChina
company PetroChina is China's largest oil company.At a cost of shares with her compete the largest companies in the world.PetroChina Securities traded on the New York and Hong Kong Stock Exchange.After the release of shares in Shanghai, the market value of the oil company has tripled, reaching capitalization of more than trillion dollars.
Besides oil production and refining PetroChina engaged in the research fields of resources, cleaning chemicals, production and marketing pipeline.According to Forbes, the company took the fifth position in the ranking of the world's oil companies with the index of production of 4.4 million barrels per day.
forecasts oil
global oil giants are planning to reduce the production of black gold operations due to the rapid fall in oil prices in the summer of 2014.Because of this situation in the market the company's profitability significantly decreased.While ExxonMobil, Saudi Aramco, PetroChina and other major oil companies of the world got a big profit, some of them decided to stop the expansion of the activity and to close the least profitable destinations.According to The Wall Street Journal this is due to the ever-growing value of oil and gas production.For example, the profitability of ExxonMobil in 2014 was 26%, which is 9% lower than a decade ago.
Significant changes in the oil market made the accident in the Gulf of Mexico, which resulted in a record number of spilled black gold.The British company British Petroleum, which owned the production was forced to sell most of its assets.
This reduction operations is observed not only in the big oil companies.Changes in oil prices has affected the entire global industry.
Despite this trend, the world's largest companies expect future positive changes in the oil industry and the increase in extraction of natural resources.
