financial institutions, mainly banks, with the development of the economy take the status of the co-owners of industrial enterprises, trade, transport and others through the acquisition of shares and bonds.Business owners, in turn, acquire ownership of stocks and bonds issued by banks, which have a direct concern to them.This leads to the formation of capital and intertwining of capitalist industry.The result is a new type of capital - financial.
Interweaving capital - forming personal uny
Interlocking banking and industrial capital leads to the formation of personal relationships between the owners of the industrial monopolies and the founders of the bank.One person prevail over the big monopolistic industries, over the banking institutions of the other companies of the sectors of the capitalist economy.The phenomenon has been called "financial oligarchy."This situation is not unique in any country.The scale of the weave of the material funds have an international character.
oligarchy in the world
financial oligarchy - a phenomenon that is evident in many countries.Consider Germany, which on the eve of the First World War 6 banks had representatives in leadership positions in 344 companies from the industrial sector, 407 representatives of the government and the representative of the 751 in the public sector.The number of bank managers have not less than 51 industrialist.The union has flourished for a long time.US financial oligarchy had a different format.The narrow group of four hundred people, which included industrialists and bankers, took about 705 management positions in the 250 companies that belonged to the 42% of the total capital of the country.
Each of the capitalist countries all vital branches of the economy and the overwhelming majority of social wealth is managed by the union of influential bankers and industrialists.Management capitalist monopoly is the financial oligarchy.It is not a precise definition, but literally the phrase is interpreted as "the domination of the few."
financial oligarchy - this phenomenon is widespread and is common to most countries of the world, including Russia.Due to the fact that the Russian capital is the youngest of all European, he was forced to take the help of foreign capital before the revolution.Foreign loans are widely used today both as grants and aid in the form of private production.Russia's interest in loans led to the attractiveness of the state for the Western group.Thus, the financial oligarchy of the country is concentrated mostly abroad, and close cooperation with foreign capitalists.
The economy
domination of the few affects all sectors of activity of the state, including on the economy.The financial oligarchy, the definition of which depends on the direction of its influence in the economy is reflected in the format of "participation system."The bottom line is based on the possession of a group of people the main joint-stock company, heading the group.The same society, with the possession of a controlling stake, has power even over the "subsidiaries", which also has its wards capital.The financial oligarchy and its methods of domination allow financial tycoons to manage huge amounts of other people's money.
Formation oligarchy
In the US oligarchy included 8 financial groups in Britain belong to the reins of power to several hundred people in France operated 200 known families in Italy - a little less than 150. The financial oligarchy - a complex managementstructure formation which is important.Strengthening structures contribute to industry associations and cultural associations, belonging to the Order, and all sorts of clubs.The integrity of the ideological society allows us to extend the power of the sphere of production to the superstructure.It is the social life and obeys subjective associations such as the financial oligarchy.The value is given even in such moments as the education of technical personnel and nurturing intellectuals.
Adoption Society
To make a narrow government office of the Company formed an artificial public opinion via popular media.Issued kind of psychological basis, which dominates the entire state of the ruling elite.The political ruling class maintains its power through ideological influence.It's not only the media, as mentioned above, the impact on society is school, help with daily household life.So, people in leadership positions, but do not support the revolutionary sentiments are automatically link the ruling apparatus.
financial oligarchy - a large-scale phenomenon
financial oligarchy actively uses the principles of de facto monopoly, while receiving enormous and ever-increasing revenues from the organization of joint-stock companies, by issuing shares to bonds, by providing state loans and large-scale government contracts.Concentrated in the hands of the strongest, the financial capital continuously collects tribute from the public and is to some extent the tip of the monopoly bourgeoisie.
Forms Control world society
financial and industrial elite exercises permanent control over decision-making, not only on economic policy but also in the social sphere.It is spliced into a whole economic power of the monopolies and the bourgeois state power.Programs and state monopoly regulation designed to eliminate conflicts in capitalism are, in the end, the interests of the power of people.
One of the few events in the world, which covered the same time all the countries - a financial oligarchy.What it is, will be able to understand, if we estimate the scale of its impact on global society.The elite, which is concentrated in the hands of all the fixed assets of the country, is actively pursuing the internationalization of all activities and reinforces the integration process, systematically develops international industrial and banking monopolies.This forms the emergence of financial groups of international level.This strengthens the interlocking interests of the oligarchs from around the world that promotes the formation of an incredibly strong power.
Changes in the structure of the oligarchy in the evolution
financial oligarchy in Russia, in America, in other countries of the world changes over time with the development of state-monopoly capitalism and the resulting evolution of the format of capitalist property.Even during periods of predominance of imperialist oligarchy, the financial industry was based primarily on the basis of the institution of the family and the dynasty.As an example, the Rockefeller and Du Pont, Mellon and Peugeot other.The concentration of production and an increase in the amount of fictitious capital in conjunction with competition among monopolistic unions brought in the first place regional principle of establishing and strengthening the position of the oligarchy.The growing trend has been observed in the post-war period of 1939-1945.Here on the dominant position in the world came the following financial groups: California and Chicago, Boston and Bavaria, other.Against the background of growing competition in the 50-70-ies.revived and activated family dynastic principle of formation of financial groups.Example: Empire Getty Hunt, Thurn and Taxis, Kuhlmann-Stum.In this time period it was recorded in the implementation of the structure of the financial oligarchy of the world's largest managers.The domination of the financial oligarchy, such as aggravated and continues to exacerbate the contradictions not only between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, but also the conflicts between developing countries and developed.
