The human musculoskeletal system consists of a combination of a plurality of bones and muscles that connect them.The most important part - is the skull, chest, spine.
Bones chest human form throughout life.In the process of growth and development, and this is converted parts of the skeleton.There is a change not only the size but also the shape.
In order to find out which bones form the thorax necessary general knowledge of all components of the system.First, consider the musculoskeletal system as a whole.
human skeleton consists of two hundred bones, the total weight is measured in kilograms: 10 men and 7 women.The shape of each detail inherent nature so that they can fulfill their function, which is a lot.The blood vessels that permeate the bones, delivered to them nutrients and oxygen.Nerve endings facilitate a timely response to the needs of the body.
structure of the human skeleton
This huge complex can be seen for a long time and in great detail.Let us dwell on the basics.Make it easier to study the structure of the human skeleton is conventionally divided into 4 sections:
- the skull;
- skeleton of the trunk;
- post vertebral;
- the upper and lower parts of the body.
and the basis for the whole system is the backbone.The spine is formed by five departments:
- neck;
- sternum;
- loin;
- sacral region;
- tailbone.
functions and basic structure of the chest
The bones of the chest, resembling the shape of the pyramid, and contain a caution against external mechanical influences vital organs: heart with blood vessels, lungs and tracheal bronchial branch, esophagus, and many lymph nodes.
This department skeleton consists of twelve vertebrae, sternum and ribs.The first foundations are part of the skeleton.To compound the chest bone to the vertebrae were reliable, the articular surface of each rib has a hole.This mounting method allows to achieve high strength.
What bones form the thorax
sternum - a fairly common name of the bones located under the front edges.It is considered a component, there are three parts:
- handle;
- body;
- xiphoid process.
anatomical configuration of the human sternum bone changes over time, it is directly linked to the modification of the position of the body and the center of gravity.Besides the formation of the Department of the skeleton grows and lung capacity.The transformation of the ribs with age can increase the range of motion of the sternum and implement free breathing.Proper development department is very important for the normal functioning of the whole organism.
chest photos which you can see in the article, has a conical shape and remains so up to three to four years.At six it varies depending on the development of the upper and lower zones of the sternum, rib angle increases.By the age of twelve or thirteen, she is fully formed.
on bones chest human influences physical activity and landing.Physical culture classes will help her become a more general and bulk, and improper landing (more concerned with schoolchildren posture at a desk or computer table) will cause the spine and all the parts of the skeleton will develop properly.
This can lead to scoliosis, stoop, and in some severe cases, and problems with internal organs.Therefore, be sure to conduct educational conversations with your child about the importance of posture.
rib structure
When asked about which bones form the chest, the first thing they remembered.Ribs are an important part of the department of the skeleton.In medicine, all twelve pairs divided into three groups:
- true rib - is the first seven pairs are attached to the sternum skeletal hryaschik;
- false ribs - next three pairs are not attached to the sternum, and to the intercostal cartilage;
- floating rib - final two couples have no connection with the central bone.
They have a flattened shape and pore structure.The edge has a cartilage and bone pieces.The latter is defined by three departments: the body of the rib, head and articular surface.All the edges are shaped like spiral plate.The greater the curvature, the chest is more mobile, it all depends on the age and gender of the person.
During fetal development rights in rare cases there is an anomaly, which leads to an additional rib in the neck or lumbar area.Also in a mammal more than the number of edges in humans, it is explained the horizontal position of their body.
Now that we've figured out how bones form the chest, you can talk about some of the fabrics they are made.From each other, they are not only functions, but also the properties.
Bone
It designs skull, limbs and torso.Another important factor that determines the shape of the bone tissue of the body.It is divided into:
- coarse-fibered - characteristic of the early stages of development;
- plastic fabric - involved in the creation of the skeleton.
- cartilage - formed hondratsitami and cellular substances with a high density, they perform a supporting function and are a component of the various fractions of the skeleton.
Its cells are of two types: osteoblasts and osteocytes.If you look the composition of the tissue, it can be seen that 33% of it consists of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.The remainder is accounted for by inorganic substances such as calcium, magnesium fluoride, and calcium carbonate, and others.Interestingly, in our body has a citric acid, 90% of it is found in bone.
Connective tissue
Bones of the chest and fastened together with the muscles of the skeleton using cartilage and tendons.This variety of connective tissue.It can be of different types.For example, the blood is also a connective tissue.
It is so diverse that it seems as if everything in the body makes it alone.Any cells that perform a variety of kinds of functions, depending on what kind of tissue they form:
- base human organs;
- saturate the cells and tissues;
- carry oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body;
- combine all kinds of fabrics, authorities warn against internal damage.
Depending on the functions it is divided into:
- loose fibrous unformed;
- dense fibrous unformed;
- dense fibrous decorated.
Connection bony thorax carried fibrous tissue from the first group. She has a loose texture which accompanies the vessels, nerve endings.She shuts the internal organs from each other in the cavity of the chest and abdomen.
Spine - the foundation of the skeleton
spine helps keep the back and is a support for the soft tissues and organs.Spine and chest are related important function: it helps keep the cavity in the desired position.
Formed it from thirty-two - thirty-four vertebrae, which have holes for the passage of a spinal cord.This allows a good foundation to protect our nervous system.
intervertebral discs are composed of fibrocartilage, which promotes the mobility of the spine.An important requirement is considered to be an opportunity for him to bend.Because of this he is able to "bounce", whereby, bumps, shocks while running and walking decay, protecting bone marrow from concussions.
very important function
Since musculoskeletal system consists largely of bone, then, knowing her role in the body, can the same be said about the foundation of the body and about the chest alone.Thus, the functions:
- support;
- participation in mineral and fat metabolism;
- protection;
- manual.
important to know what is in our body and what processes take place in it, the role played by one or the other parts of the skeleton, how to develop and strengthen it.This will help to avoid some of the illnesses and live a full life, playing sports, and favorite things.
