regulation of foreign economic relations is the most important task of any state, because after VEO the interaction of the country with the world, in fact, thanks to VEO made regarding the economic system of the country from the outside in terms of geographic and economic environment - the global economy.One way to control the VEO are customs duties on the importation of goods to, intellectual property, services and the purchase of other residents.In this article we will look at the economic sense of duty and their types.
Why it makes sense to talk about the customs duties on the import or export of goods to mention?The fact that the activities of each state seeks to maximize the inflow of currency values, and it can be done by exporting to export an increasing number of goods and importation as small as possible, so that the currency will come, but will not leave the national economy.The only case where a country is not interested in export can be the export of currency, cultural values and minerals.In all other cases the principle of "take out more - bring less" works flawlessly.Duties on imports of goods and services are a form of economic regulation of foreign policy.Another method of regulation are administrative measures, such as quotas or the imposition of an embargo on trade with certain partners.
Customs duties on import may have different objectives, among which are the two as the main.These objectives - reduction of import volumes and income.
decline in imports through the establishment of fees is as follows: since the importer is obliged to pay duty on the import of goods into the country, he would include it in the price of tradable goods in the domestic market.Naturally, this will serve as a pretext to increase prices, and through the mechanism of the law of demand will lead to lower demand for imported goods and the corresponding increase in demand for domestic goods substitute.Thus, the competitiveness of the domestic industry for the production of certain goods will increase significantly.As a general rule, in order to significantly reduce the volume of imports, it is necessary to establish high tariffs, such as customs duties on imported cars.
If duties are intended to obtain additional income by the state for the purpose of filling the budget, set a lower rate of duty, which does not reduce the demand for imported goods so much, but by the amount of purchased goods will bring substantial revenues.Customs duties on import established in order to obtain additional income, work best on goods zero elasticity, that is completely insensitive to price changes, for example, rare medicines, such as insulin.Also, higher taxes, which will not lead to a significant reduction in demand can be introduced on imported luxury goods: sports cars, expensive alcohol, tobacco, items of jewelry production of famous designers and other objects, the value of which indicates that the person is able to buy them,It can not afford not to think about how to pay an extra thousand dollars for their favorite thing.Customs duties on imports of such goods is the most revenue to the treasury.
rates also vary with one or two columns.Rate a column means that imports from all countries have the same rates of duties, tariffs with two columns indicate the existence of some preferences or, conversely, restrictions for certain countries.
