January 15, 1826 in a small village of the Tver province was born Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin.The biography of this person is thoroughly permeated with contempt for mankind and the state apparatus to the reaction of his time.However, first things first.
Saltykov-Shchedrin Mikhail Evgrafovich: Biography early years
future famous writer was born in the family of a wealthy nobleman.By the way, Saltykov - his real name.Shchedrin - creative nickname.The first years of his life had the boy in his father's family estate.In this period fell the most difficult years of serfdom.As in most countries of Western Europe has already taken place or there is the technological revolution, and developed capitalist relations, the Russian Empire more and more rigidly fixed in their own medieval structure.And that would somehow keep up with the development of the great powers are increasingly and actively worked for the state machine, extensive way to squeeze all the juice out of the peasant class.Actually, all further biography of Saltykov-Shchedrin speaks volumes about the fact that he had enough opportunity to observe the situation of the peasants in the early years.This greatly impressed the young man and left its mark on all his future work.Primary Education Michael gets in the home, as well as ten years of age, entered the Moscow Institute of nobility.There he studied for only two years, showing outstanding ability.And already in 1838 he transferred to the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, receiving a government scholarship to study.Six years later, he finished this school and entered the ministerial office of military service.
Biography Saltykov-Shchedrin: the beginning of creative activity
where young people seriously interested in the literature of his time, avidly reading George Sand, the French Enlightenment and the Socialists.During this period he wrote his first own story: "Contradictions", "Complicated Affair," "Notes of the Fatherland."However, the nature of these products, free-thinking and bursting satire on the tsarist autocracy, had already set up a state power against the young officer.
Biography Saltykov-Shchedrin: creative recognition and acceptance of state power
In 1848 Mikhail Evgrafovich sent into exile in Vyatka.There he entered the service of the bureaucratic official.This period ended in 1855, when the writer was finally allowed to leave the city.Returning from exile, he was appointed an official for special assignments at the State Minister of the Interior.In 1860 he became vice-governor of Tver.At the same time the writer once again resumes his artistic career.Already in 1862 he retires from public office and focuses on literature.At the invitation of Sergei Nekrasov, Saltykov-Shchedrin arrives in St. Petersburg and is arranged in the wording of "Contemporary".There, and later in the journal "Notes of the Fatherland", where he was under the protection of the same Nekrasov, are the most fruitful years of his creative activity.Many stories, satirical articles and, of course, the famous grotesque novels, "The Story of a City", "Modern Idyll" and others - were written during the second half of the 1860-1870 biennium.
Biography Saltykov-Shchedrin: last years
In 1880, the satirical writer's works are more and more famous among the intelligentsia, but at the same time more and more persecuted by the tsarist regime.Thus, closing the journal "Notes of the Fatherland" in which he published, prompting Michael Evgrafovich seek publishers abroad.This ban on printing in the home country has seriously undermined the health of an elderly person.And though they were written the famous "Tales" and "Poshehonsky old", for several years he had aged, his forces quickly left.May 10, 1889, Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin died.The writer, in accordance with its request in his will, he was buried in St. Petersburg, next to the grave ISTurgenev.
