today by representatives of the intellectual elite increasingly heard that marginality as a social phenomenon - it is a disaster of modern economics and politics.But what they mean by this term?If marginality - the result of a conflict with existing social norms, how to combat this phenomenon and whether to do it?
appears marginal - this is a topic that excited sociologists in the 20-ies of the last century.Marginalized at the time called the immigrants who moved to North America could not become intimate with the local subculture.Later, the concept of marginality was treated and shaggy homeless with neighboring garbage, and to the intellectual artist with free outlook on life.
leading American sociologist Robert Park of the period spoke about the impact of migration on the strengthening of indifference among the masses of people.Today marginality - a quality that is often attributed to the youth of today, which is not subject to the accepted norms and traditions, but not defending your own.But there is not only her, but also for other members of society.Therefore, we can say that marginality - a socio-psychological phenomenon which is inherent in any society.
The literature on this issue, the following types of events:
- strukturanaya or social;
- cultural or ethno-cultural;
- marginal social roles.
Modern scholars engaged in the study of what the cause of the groups that do not agree with the existing social norms.There are two basic ways to explain this phenomenon.People may not take the rules due to the fact that in society at the moment there are various social reforms, as well as due to their own psychological characteristics.
A. Fardzh, for example, said that the marginalization of the population is a consequence of the conflict between social norms inherent in the different cultures.Most often, such a conflict arises in the presence of significant migration flows.After moving immigrants simply can not be reconstructed and fully adopt new patterns of behavior that seem alien to them.Fardzh calls marginalized people who can not adapt to their environment.Thus, they can be not only foreigners but also people who have lost their usual social status.Brighton Beach and Chinatown in a major US city of New York - it is precisely the community marginalized, who do not want and do not take orders, adopted in this country.They continue to live as they used to, but in their new homeland.
In the 90s of the last century in the Russian society has formed a special class of misfits.They included representatives of the "social bottom" and the "new Russian".Each of these groups had their own views on life, interests and needs, which is strikingly different from the interests and needs of the middle class.
