Fungi - a eucaryotic organisms which are both similar to plants and animals.Earlier, they were considered a subspecies of plants, and in 1970 it was decided to allocate them in a separate kingdom.The study of fungi - is the task of science of mycology.Let's see why fungi identified in the independent kingdom of which they have become characteristics that cause.
Introducing the kingdom of fungi Fungi
interesting in its diversity.This group of living organisms consists of more than 250 thous. Species.Habitat them different.Mushrooms can grow wherever there is organic substances necessary for their livelihoods.
What is unique mushrooms?Biology gives the concept of mushrooms as a special form of life.They consist of mycelium and fruit pieces.The basis of life - this is undoubtedly the mycelium.Mushrooms reproduce asexually may or vegetatively.
We used to look for mushrooms in the forests and plantations, under a layer of dry leaves on rotten stumps and snags.But few know that the fungus can live in the soil, in the water and even in the body of animals or humans.
Why fungi identified in the independent kingdom?
Mushrooms are still a mystery to science.Signs of the kingdom of fungi and characterized by plants and animals.Get at least the principle of power.Mushrooms ready absorb organic matter, making them like animals.But the peculiar way of eating plants, as it happens by suction.
In structure mushrooms are both unicellular and multicellular, it is more common.The cells are some members of this type contain chitin.This is a clear sign of the similarity of mushrooms with animals, especially insects.Another such characteristic is the absence of fungal cells pigments capable of photosynthesis.But at the same time, plants with fungi combines them immobility.
Fungi reproduce by spores, which is characteristic of the plants, but in the process of life secrete urea, which is typical for animals.
All these factors do not provide uniquely determine the identity of fungi and are the reason why fungi identified as an independent kingdom.
Interesting facts about mushrooms
- fungal spores may be dormant up to 10 years, and even after this time will begin to grow as soon as the fall in a favorable environment.
- extremely hardy members of the species were found inside a nuclear reactor.
- There predatory species of fungi.Their mycelium composed of rings that become a trap for worms.
- The most common chanterelles contains a unique substance that can destroy the larvae of parasites in the body.For therapeutic purposes, is prepared tincture of chanterelles.
- most expensive mushroom that a person uses for food - a truffle.The price of one kilogram of such delicacy reaches 700-1000 euros.
- Some mushrooms chemical reactions take place, enabling them to glow in the dark.
How useful mushrooms for human and what they harm?
mushrooms are eaten.They even called meat for vegetarians.The variety of species provides a variety of flavors such as mushroom dishes.But at the same time, there are more than 100 species of poisonous mushrooms.For example, pale grebe causes a huge number of fatal poisoning.
Some members of this kingdom are used for medical purposes.With their help, you can display the radionuclides from the body and treat tumor diseases.
Shiitake Mushroom is known for its healing properties.It is widely used in cosmetics.Especially valuable property of its impact on the natural regeneration of the skin.Many well-known cosmetic brands produce anti-aging serums and creams on the basis of extracts of the fungus.
But at the same time, they can be the cause of many human diseases.This disease of the skin - ringworm, and sometimes serious internal organ.
Not to mention the global importance of mushrooms for the planet's biosphere.Their ability to degrade organic matter makes them an integral and important part of the ecosystem.
Given the diversity and specificity of a species becomes clear why the fungi identified as an independent kingdom.No additional interpretation of the importance of the whole kingdom of fungi for humans and the biosphere as a whole.
