This interesting animal is one of the oldest breeds of horses in the world.Yakut horses, which archaeologists have discovered the remains during excavations, appeared on our planet many thousands of years ago.
their natural habitat in the wild - Chukotka and Yakutia.These are areas with a pronounced continental climate.In these areas, the air temperature in summer rises to 35 degrees, and in winter drops to -50.
From the history of the breed
According to the researchers, the Yakut breed of horses descended from the wild tundra white horses and miraculously survived to this day.
Yakuts long been engaged in horse breeding.For the first time it was mentioned in the early XVII century, when the banks of the Lena river came the first Russian explorers.Agriculture in these areas emerged in the late XIX century.
Yakuts always occupied territories that were convenient for livestock - along rivers, valleys with meadow vegetation.To understand how important these people were breeding, you should be familiar with its customs.For example, after the death of a man of his horse slaughtered and the meat distributed to everyone who came to the funeral.No wedding feast not without koumiss and horsemeat, and the guests of honor offered to the best pieces.
Yakut horse: structure, characteristics
These animals are well adapted to the harsh climate of the north.They thrive only in the region where they live in a natural environment.Many farmers from other areas trying to have on his farm Yakut horses, but they fail to realize his dream and breed these animals.However, their special endurance and performance has always attracted the attention of specialists.Consider just some of the characteristics possessed by the representatives of the breed.So, this animal is able to carry the load of more than a hundred kilograms, it easily overcomes a distance of over a hundred kilometers without any visible signs of fatigue.
Yakut breed of horses is different short step.In heavy snow-covered road length of 3200 meters gallop, these animals are in 5 minutes.Yakutian horses are considered late-maturing, but durable - they reach full development only six years.In cultivation it is used to 25-27 years.
Physiological characteristics
to the harsh conditions of the north perfectly adapted Yakut horse.Amazing horses have their biological features.The first is reduction of energy consumption, supports the livelihoods of an animal in the winter.This is achieved by the following structural features:
- a significant thickening of the skin;
- formation of a layer of subcutaneous fat;
- thickening and lengthening hair.
In 1943 he organized a hotbed of breeding in the Verkhoyansk area.The purpose of its creation was the work on improvement of the Yakut horses.There have been repeated attempts to crossing these animals with other breeds.The results of these experiments had no impact on the breed.This species is protected by the harsh nature of Yakutia - other horses are simply not survive.This is indicated by the numbers - in population of 150 000 animals hybrids account for only 2%.
External differences
Description exterior Yakut horse breed can be seen in all the veterinary reference books.These animals have a characteristic only of the rough rocks, massive head, planted a thick and short neck.
In addition, they have a very small height at the withers (no more than 136 cm), and a long back straight, run-flat croup, deep and broad chest, thick mane.
the winter Yakut horse covered with a thick and long hair.But not only it protects the animal from cold.The same function is performed and a thick skin with a layer of fat.In winter coat grows up to 10 cm in length, the tail of the animal becomes thick and lush, it usually hangs to the ground, and a mane covering the neck and shoulders of the animal.
Shaggy Yakut horses have some bit short front legs.Their statement is correct, the hind legs are often X-shaped.Hooves of regular shape, firm.
Color
most common roan or gray myshastaya suit.There are animals painted agouti.In this case, only the upper part of the pigmented hair.In the north of Yakutia are more common gray horses.They turn gray sooner and by four years are almost white.
use
widely used in the north of our country Yakut horse.Yakut breed of horse gives a person the meat and mare's milk (milk), and from their fur sewn very socks and warm clothes.These small but hardy horses are used for transportation of goods, as well as horseback riding.Yakuts ride them on the hunt.To do this, take an animal from the herd, and two days "stand."In fact, the horse starve.It is tied to the stake rather short, so that it can not bend.This is to ensure that more than average and quite unaccustomed to hard work horse of the herd acquired the desired shape.After two or three days it is easy handling will transfer long jump.This peculiar way of Yakuts used for centuries.
Yakut horse as the horse is not quite familiar, even for the experienced rider.After all, she moves very slow pace, due to the living conditions in places devoid of large spaces where it would be possible to develop a high speed.Therefore, as a horse Yakut horse is only in his homeland.
meat and dairy is a priority in the breeding of these animals.Their meat is considered a delicacy.It has a marble color and a special taste.In addition, there are a lot of unsaturated fatty acids that contribute to the removal of harmful cholesterol and greatly facilitate the condition of patients with anemia, tuberculosis and multiple sclerosis.
Yakuts are used and skins of horses, making them household items, from shoes and finishing with a variety of mats.Wool Yakut horses replaces the peoples of the north sheep, boots made from it, make a thread from which the knit very warm clothes.
not only professionals, but also ordinary citizens interested in the Yakut breed of horses.Horses and ponies (animal height at the withers less than 113 cm, are born in the course of natural selection without human intervention) are very popular in zoos and circuses of our country.Unfortunately, in the middle lane and southern regions, they rarely take root.
Care and Maintenance
Even in a severe winter Yakut horse lives outdoors.In the summer grazing animals at temperatures up to +30 ° C, and in winter to -50 ° C.
food they are looking for on their own, and even severe frost can feed on grass, which is extracted from under the snow.In Yakutia, the snow is not too deep.Therefore, horse hooves and rake him get to the grass.This pasture is called "tebenёvka."With the onset of spring horses transferred to the southern slopes of the hills, where the climate is milder and snow melts faster.Closer to fly animals distilled into the open.Only the working horses, geldings often in winter as feeding hay is obtained.They usually contain in pens.
We have already said that the outstanding operability of these animals are not different, but they participate in competitions in agility and strength, where the show is not humorous results.So, harnessed to a sled loaded with 350 kg of snow-covered road Yakut passed away in 650 km in 16 days.The shorter distance (1630 m) under a light rider in winter they overcome in 2 minutes and 56 seconds.It is fair to say that the participants of the competition received except hay and oats.
protection from insects
summer Yakut horse strongly grow thin, because they interfere with normal feed countless mosquitoes and gnats.To protect the animals the locals in villages, special harness smudge that smoke deter flies and mosquitoes.
Yakut horse: price
Buy Yakut horse dream of many.It is hardy and smart animals are perfectly oriented to the terrain.In addition, these shaggy ponies just adorable.Today, for many, this dream can come true, as the head of Yakutia Borisov allowed to export these amazing animals in other regions in order to improve the breed.The sale is not everywhere, but only in special breeding plants.For example, you can buy a horse in GUSP "Bashplemservis", located in the Republic of Bashkortostan.
Surely the question of cost everyone interested to buy an animal. We will introduce you to the indicative price, because now they can change. For example, the stallion is 6-7 years80 thousand rubles. In the same amount cost and 8-year-old mare, foal-two-year costs 60 thousand rubles, and a yearling - 40 thousand rubles.
Development breed
today in Yakutia formed three kinds of Yakut horses:
- North (Verkhoyanskaya and Srednekolymsk horse);
- south - smaller animals that have not been crossed with other breeds of horses;
- southernmost large type.
in 2011 was officially presented the new - Megezhek variety of Yakut horses at the stud them.S. Vasilyeva.
