often many - both schoolchildren and their parents - have questions about spelling suffixes.Today we talk about the suffix "a".Many people do not know its value, make a lot of mistakes in the spelling of words containing it.So, let's delve into the maze of Russian grammar, look at how to write some suffixes.
interesting history of the origin of the suffix
For starters, you can consider the history of the occurrence of the word.The suffix "K" has arisen for a long time.It can be seen, for example, the names of the streets of Moscow (Ilinka; Sretenka; Soljanka).Typically, any word with the suffix "a" is used by people to reduce and comprehensible what some difficult concepts.So people began to call the horse railway "Conca".Also, this piece was formed by phrases.For example, we explain the formation of the word "card".What is it?Average open letter.Hence the name.Or take an example: the word "spoon".It was formed from the root "lie" that carries the meaning of "overlay".And so on ..
opinion of philologists considered suffix
However, some linguists believe that any word with the suffix "to" spoil our speech, it clogs vulgarisms.So, since about the eighteenth century, in the language were words such as "canteen", "smoking room", "snuff" and so on.The guardians of the classical Russian language such reductions and simplifications were not to the taste.Indeed, words can not be categorized as "vulgar" simply because they are someone does not like.Note that the above examples are used or used to simplify the unpronounceable words or words with this suffix are formed from combinations of words.
value of this suffix
We now consider the value of the suffix "a".What he can form words?Firstly, this piece serves as an indicator of diminutive form.For example, "leg", "pen", "book", "mouse", "baby" and so on.These words - vivid examples of how the can be used diminutive suffix "a".Secondly, with the addition of "a" form feminine nouns derived from the names of professions or occupations that are masculine.For example: athlete - an athlete;student - student;lodger - lodger;retired - retired.Third, this piece forms the words for objects with which to perform any action.A simple word with a suffix "a" - "float" and "receipt", "infusion" and so on.Fourth, using the "K" formed words denoting any action.For example, "breaking", "bargain", "hack".Fifth, sometimes "to" acts as a suffix, enable us to express an objective assessment of any object or action.Sixth, the notorious "a" appears in the names as belonging to the profession (in the feminine), nationality, place of residence.For example, "Russian woman", "Ukrainian", "Egyptian" and so on.
Words with the suffix "a" - the examples, as well as rules for the use of "K" and "ch"
suffix forms of the new words and adjectives.For example, it can be used to obtain the short form of the adjective ("daring - bold," "sharp - sharp").It forms adjectives from nouns ending in K, B, C ("fist - kulak", "Weaver - weaving").Now let's talk about the similarities between a piece, having in mind the suffixes "a" and "ck".Their spelling should be given special attention.For example, the suffix "SC" should be used in relative adjectives.Relative adjectives can not form the short form.For example: "French - the French", "Circassian - Circassian", "Tatar - Tatar," "Jew - Jewish."Remember that the last letter of the basics is always conserved (review and analyze again this example).
Personal and relative adjectives - their education with the suffix "a"
Considered piece written in adjectives forming the short form, and the letter "n" ("weaving", "Turkish").These are the words with the suffix "K" (Examples), "close - close", "low - low".There are cases where the basis of the word ends with "Hb" or "pi".In this case, do not write the soft sign before "SC".For example: "Siberia - Siberia", "Tyumen - Tyumen".There are exceptions to this simple rule: the relative adjectives that came from the names of months of the year.For example: "November", "December," but - "January" as well as "all day long", "Tien Shan" and so on.
spelling rules "to" and "ch" with examples
If the stem of a word, which is formed from an adjective ends with the letter "d", "m", "n", these consonants are always saved to "sk "or" k ".For example: "city - the city", "German - German".In that case, if the stem ends with "a", "h", the adjective before the letter "a" is written, "q".The word with the suffix "K" formed by the rule: "fisherman - fishing" or, for example, "Weaver - weaving."Please note that the soft sign in the suffix "SC" is written after "L" (for example - "Ural"), as well as in the adjective derived from the name of the month.Also, the suffix "to" form a word with comical or dismissive tone.For example, if you add to the base of the verb in the past tense, "to", then a feminine noun whose meaning "one who performs the action specified in the text."This noun has a tinge of neglect or playfulness ("sat - nurse", "cooked - varilka," "thought - dumalka").We examined in detail as the suffix is used "to" examples clearly illustrated by the rules.
verb suffix
Now we will focus on suffixes of verbs.In Russian, they are divided into word-forming and shaping.The first images of the new words, the second - only the form or change their times.By derivational suffixes include "ova", "EVA", "yva", "willow", "wa", "evyva", "ene (et)", "ene (it)", "and", and "f".It includes a forming suffixes "L", "smiling" ("smiling") "be" ("Ti"), and a zero suffix.Now look at each separately and analyze the suffix, in which case, each of them written.
preformative suffixes
So preformative "Peninsula" and "Eve."These suffixes are written and used in the case where the verb is in indefinite form, in the past tense.Or it is in the form of first-person singular, present or future time.Ending on the verb should be "th" ("Yu").For example: "miss - miss", "Relish - savor", "preaching - preaching (preaching)," "command - command".Exceptions: "scouting - scouting," "otvedyvat - tasted", "provedyvat - provedyvat", "ferret - Scouting."Never confuse the spelling of verbs in which the suffix "wa" is combined with the preceding vowel "e / and."
Proper use "yva" and "Willow"
suffix "yva" or "Willow" are written when the verb is in the infinitive form and in the past tense (or in the first person), singular, present or future time.Ending on the verb should be "yvayu" or "ivayu."For example: "I insist - insist", "forge - forge."Another suffix - "wa" - always a shock in verbs.Please note that it can be easily confused with virtually the same "Eve" or "Willow".See for example: "obvevat - obveyat", "watering - pour", "screwed", "late", "consider".Exceptions are the following words: "stuck", but "stuck", "defile", but "corrupt".The suffix "ёvyva" is considered to be a shock.The rule is simple - after a sizzling always write the letter "E"!Simple examples: "uprooting", "obscure".
Spelling verb suffix "ene", "L", and some other
already named "en" ("et") or "en" ("it") is written in the verbs which are formed from nouns.They also are quite common and are often found in intransitive and transitive verbs.We must remember that in the intransitive spelled "en" ("et"), and in transition - "en" ("it").Here are simple and easy to remember examples: "freeze", "green", "turn blue", "turn to stone."Another fairly common suffixes "and" and "e", their use depends on the transitional intransitive verb.For example: "dehydrate - obezvodet", "bleed", "deforest".So, if the verb itself - transition, it is written "and".If the verb is intransitive, then spelled "e".But every rule there are exceptions, here they are "stuck", "eclipse", "renew".
little about the formative suffixes
striking representative of these suffixes is "L".It clearly indicates the past tense.Also not included in the base word.Remember that before him should write the same vowel as in the infinitive form.See "led away - take away", "hide - he hid," "Framed - substitute."It is impossible not to mention in this article and suffix "Xia" ("camping").Firstly, it is called the return and is always included in the basis of the word.For example: "Get", "back", "become", "bathed".In contrast, the suffix "be" ("Ti") never enters the stem of a word, it is found only in the infinitive verb.Consider this example: "lie", "mouth", "serve", "bring", "hide", "look".Also worth considering and zero suffix, it is usually a verb in the past tense of the indicative mood masculine singular, as well as in the conditional tense verbs in masculine singular, verbs in the imperative.Examples of such words: "give up", "Sun", "Arise".
diminutive suffixes of Russian
diminutive suffix - why do they need?And here's the answer: we use these suffixes to communicate with children, animals, relatively, of course, when we are trying to downplay anything.Once the child begins to talk, it is best he learns words with diminutive suffixes, those so often hears from parents or caregivers.The most common among them are the words with particles "yshk" ("ishq"), "ushk" ("yushk").Here it is important - is appropriate to use a suffix.And now more about them, let's start with the "nuts".Examples might be the words: "man - man", "bag - the bag."Often this suffix is written incorrectly.In order to prevent errors from occurring, it is enough to know that "nuts" is written, if a vowel sound when the decline falls word on cases.Another similar - "IR".There are examples, and with him, "belly - belly", "hare - hare."In general, the number of such particles is huge in the Russian language, and it is impossible to list in a single article.We just looked at some of the suffixes of verbs and nouns, examples of their use and application.We hope this will help you to write correctly and without any errors.
