Not every soil is fertile enough to grow a good crop.To help achieve a result in such cases to help all kinds of fertilizers.They there are so many, for different varieties of plants and soil types.The market is filled with products of large companies, such as "Meleuz Mineral Fertilizers", but there is room for competition.What you need to know about this product?What are the different types of fertilizers?How to start a business on their manufacture?To deal with all these issues are not so difficult.
What is it?
Typically, fertilizers are salts that contain the dates of plant growth and development components.This inorganic substance, which strongly affect the chemical, physical and biological processes in the soil, transforming its solubility nutrients and modifying microbiological composition.The plants through the roots get all the necessary elements and grow more active, making the overall productivity of fertilized fields or meadows increases markedly.Correctly using, for example, products of the company "Balakovo Mineral Fertilizers" can achieve a great effect.Improve not only productivity, but also quality.So, spinning crops increased technological properties of fiber, sugar beet, berries and fruits growing sugar content, increasing protein content of cereals and sunflower - oil content.Most households use domestic chemical products, such as the popular Russian firm "Voskresensk Mineral Fertilizers", as well as a small amount of natural salts: potassium, sodium, or Chilean, nitrate and industrial waste.The number of substances used for one hectare of land is carefully controlled and determined by regulation.
Types and purpose fertilizer
These substances have many different classifications.Thus, according to agronomic destination can distinguish direct and indirect mineral fertilizers.The first contains the elements that are needed for direct plant nutrition (magnesium, sodium, copper and phosphorus).Indirect applied to improve the physicochemical properties of the soil, and typically include gypsum.
In addition, the first type can also be divided into two groups - a complex mineral fertilizer and unilateral.In the latter contains only one nutrient.These include ammonium, calcium, sodium nitrate, urea, superphosphate, precipitate, potassium chloride, potassium salt and micronutrient fertilizers.Complex fertilizers contain several items.These include ammonium phosphate and nitrofos.
As to the form of release, then there are three kinds mentioned fertilizing.So, there are solid, granular or powder substances (eg, by the way, most of all).As an example, all products of the same company "Voskresensk Mineral Fertilizers".Another form are liquid agents, such as ammonia water or ammines.
following classification distinguishes alkaline, neutral and acidic fertilizer.Composition First differs anions, which are easily assimilated by plants and cations which basified soil.The last act contrary.Finally, the neutral has no effect on the state of the soil solution.
demand for agricultural
effect of these funds becomes more noticeable when using technological cultivation culture with stable irrigation, accounting standards for the particular soil and plant varieties, the use of organic additives.Most often used mineral fertilizers in the spring, when there is crop.Furthermore, they can be used and fall.Extra power plants can provide supplementary feeding during the growing season.Using responsive varieties ensures maximum results.You can make fertilizer in different ways: it Broadcast via aircraft or planters, and embedded plow, harrow or cultivator, and the local, to the wells or rows.Liquid substances can be treated seeds before planting, soak in solution or pollinate.
Benefit or harm?
Some soils apparent serious shortage of a particular element.Artificial making it a good way to improve the situation.It should also be borne in mind that there are mineral and organic fertilizer, and if the first and can be dangerous, the latter completely harmless to the environment.So if you are afraid of chemicals, using natural materials such as manure, peat moss or compost.When properly applied they are safe for plants, and humans.The damage occurs only on their overabundance.Thus, the soil rich in peat becomes too oily for crop and manure can simply burn the seedlings.But health is not in any way affect.Risk only fertilizers.For plants, rather, to accelerate the growth and maturation of the crop are often used nitrate and urea.This nitrate mixture of nitric acid, are particularly harmful.The fact that the nitrogen salts come from plants in the human body, turning it into nitrites, which may be toxic, and even provoke cancer.Therefore, in some countries such kind of feeding is prohibited.
What substances are needed during the growth of plants?
can argue a lot about the dangers of mineral fertilizers, but even natural ingredients absorbed by plants only after the collapse in the inorganic form.Therefore, in a sense, it does not matter what it was to fertilize the soil - humus or nitrate.In order not to hurt his harvest, it is to understand that it may be required to plant at different stages of its existence and development.During the germination of seeds and up to the formation of inflorescences germs most needed nitrogen.It is needed for the formation of plant tissues, which serves as a building material.During kidney development and buds of the most important plants for phosphorus.When the plants are ready for the winter, the maximum value becomes potassium.Of course, any of these periods, and other necessary substances, and separate into distinct intervals consumption exclusively nitrogen or phosphorus lifecycle impossible.Nevertheless, knowing the peculiarity of plant organisms, can be used more intelligently feeding.
When fertilizer is useless?
not always land application of additional substances can produce the desired effect.Even if you take into account the life cycle of plants and use the most suitable fertilizer, the result may disappoint you.What are the most common mistakes gardeners make?In most cases, the lack of effect is due to the fact that the fertilizer was introduced into a completely dry soil.Another mistake is the wrong timing for feeding.Some are unable to properly diagnose plant visually and find the right stuff.Fertilizer may also be made in a form that is unavailable for assimilation, or too large, or conversely insufficient.Finally, a bad harvest may not be associated with the dressing.Plants can just get sick of being attacked or beetles, in such cases the situation can not be improved only one fertilizer.
Tips for proper use of chemicals
to the use of mineral fertilizers is successful, you need to follow a few simple guidelines.First, use the substance in the complex, without trying to restrict only organic or conversely finished shopping mixture.Second, use any means to measure.Even the manure is valid for three years after a single application, to say nothing about mineral fertilizers!Chemicals in unlimited quantities will kill the plants, or lead to their illness.And thirdly, choosing complex means, be careful that in their composition were micro- and macronutrients.Good liquid preparations suitable "Giant" or "Humistar", and granulated or powdered "Agricola" or "Orton".
a good idea to use more fertilizer to give a soil sample to a laboratory for analysis.There you will not only prompt, what substances are not enough, but also help you to choose plants that will grow best for you.If the deficiency is detected specific elements, use fertilizers with this particular matter, but do not use it all season.Several times would be sufficient.
If you want to prepare the mixture yourself, check out some of the rules.Urea is not combined with ammonium nitrate, nitrophosphate in any case should not be mixed with potassium chloride.Such mixtures can not just lose their favor, but also harmful to purchase properties.Adding
number for each culture is different.This issue needs to be sorted out for all plants because the fertilizer on the eye can be dangerous for both the environment and human health.
Finally, the weather is also important.On a warm day the fertilizer absorbed faster and better.If this weather lasts a long time, the next feeding can be done in a week.But in the cold is better to wait two days.Then you will be able to avoid the accumulation of nitrate in your fruits and vegetables, as well as get a bountiful harvest.
Nitrogen fertilizers as a business
Previously it was assumed that the production of such chemicals must be extremely large enterprise, but at the moment it is possible to open and a small company.Little fertilizer plant has a rather high level of profitability, and enables a number of sought-after supplements.At best modern equipment to produce small batches podpitok of ammonia.It is the main raw material for nitrogen fertilizers.Earlier this material was prepared in the steel mills as a byproduct of coke.Currently, ammonia is produced from waste oil.That is why, where possible, plant fertilizers from ammonia better located in refinery or pipeline.For transportation of raw materials require specialized steel tanks and tankers.If the distance for transporting small, you can create the ammonia.High demands are made to the storage of raw materials.This will require either tanks or aboveground.
Seasonal classification of fertilizers
Select suitable means possible and with the help of the calendar.Just consider the percentage of nitrogen in the additive.Fertilizers, which include those of its more than five percent, suitable for use with the beginning of planting until the fifteenth of July.After that date, you should choose funds with a nitrogen content of less than five percent.This scheme is suitable for the cultivation of any perennial ornamental or fruit crops.If you are growing annual vegetables, you need a different scheme.Here on the amount of nitrogen it does not necessarily have to be guided, as these plants are, in fact, are only in the growth stage, and the process of preparation for the winter for them is not relevant.If you plan not to use, and produce such fertilizers, and the amount of equipment does not allow you to produce a wide range, consider the scheme and make the mixture according to the seasons.So you do not have to deal with the goods to be sold poorly.
What is best done?
most popular ones nitrogenous fertilizers, the price of which is accessible to all, and the effect is noticeable without much effort.These include nitrate, which can be used to increase the acidity of the soil.Another common option is ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrogen and sulfur, which is produced as a crystalline powder, white, yellow or pink hues.One of the best fertilizer, urea is also considered.It is produced in the form of granules or small crystals.The amount of nitrogen in it reaches forty five percent.In addition, nitrogen fertilizers also include sodium and calcium nitrate, with the aid of which the alkalization of the soil.Manufacture of any of these types of podpitok quite possibly in the form of a small enterprise, and there is demand for all these products.
Ammonia water
should also consider the cheapest and widespread fertilizer.Ammonia water does not require complex technical operations for its production.Labor costs are also minimal because the process can be completely mechanized.The resulting liquid is very high, so the demand is always stable.This fertilizer is a 25 percent solution of ammonia in water.Its advantage is manifest in the fact that it is suitable for any type of soil and any culture.Good use ammonia water in the seedbed cultivation to feed the cultivated plants and the primary processing of land.Keep the tool required in special steel tanks with sealed lids.The only problem is the need to use special equipment to transport and fertilizer into the soil.Without cultivator ammonia water can be used.Nevertheless, it should take into account that such agricultural machinery quite common, so this is hardly a serious disadvantage.So, to start a business for the production of fertilizers with ammonia water is completely safe and cost-effective.And if the plant will pay for itself in just over two years, such activities may start to generate income even before.
production of organic fertilizers
to reach wider markets, you may also try to win over supporters of natural ingredients.In parallel with the production of chemical fertilizers will launch vermicompost.This budget funds the production line is fairly easy to establish.You will need earthworms and organic waste.Organic, recycled thus considered to be very beneficial for the soil and is popular among those who do not accept the use of chemicals.If you can establish a good marketing activities and to inform about their vehicles with a maximum number of potential buyers, the demand is high enough, as vermicompost - innovative fertilizer, which can not fail to attract attention.In addition, this business will help to establish contacts with farmers.You will supply them with their products and they will provide organic waste, such as rabbit droppings, which will process the worms to get the next batch of goods.
