Alexander Popov, a photo which will be described later, was born in the province of Perm in 1859, the year, on 4 March.He died in St. Petersburg in 1905, on 31 December.Alexander Stepanovich Popov - one of the most famous Russian electrical engineers and physicists.Since 1899, the year he was made an honorary electrical engineer, and from 1901-th - state councilor.
brief biography Popov Alexander Stepanovich
Besides his family had six children.In 10 years, Alexander Popov was sent to Dolmatovsky school.At this school his older brother taught Latin.In 1871 Popov transferred to Yekaterinburg religious school in the 3rd grade, and by 1873 th graduated after the full course of the 1st, the highest category.In the same year he entered the seminary in the city of Perm.In 1877 th Alexander Popov successfully passed the entrance exams to the University of St. Petersburg in the Physics and Mathematics Department.Years of study for future research worker were not easy.He was forced to look for jobs, since resources are not enough.During his work in parallel with the study finally formed his scientific views.In particular, it began to attract the latest issues of electrical engineering and physics.In 1882, Alexander Popov graduated from university with a degree candidate.He was invited to stay at the university to prepare for a professorship at the Department of Physics.In the same year he defended his thesis "On the principles of the dynamo and magneto-electric machines with constant current."
Start research activities
young professional is very attracted to experimental research in the field of electricity - he joined the class in Mine Kronstadt professor of electrical engineering, mathematics and physics.There was a well-equipped office physics.In 1890, Alexander Popov was invited to teach science at the Technical College of the Naval Department in Kronstadt.Parallel to this, from 1889 till 1898, the year he was head of the main power plant in Nizhny Novgorod Fair.All his spare time, Popov gave the experimental activity.The main issue, the study of which he was involved were the properties of electromagnetic waves.
activities from 1901 till 1905
As mentioned above, from 1899 th Alexander Popov had an honorary electrical engineer and member of the Russian tehobschestva.Since 1901, he became professor of physics at the Electrotechnical Institute of the Emperor Alexander III.In the same year, Popov has been assigned a civilian (civilian) rank fifth grade - State Councillor.In 1905, shortly before his death, Popov by the decision of the Academic Council of the Institute was elected rector.In the same year the scientist has acquired a dacha not far from art.Udomlya.Where his family lived after his death.He died scientist, as evidenced by the historical references, from a stroke.Since 1921 by the decision of SNK of the RSFSR Family scientist has been put on "life assistance".This is a brief biography of Alexander Stepanovich Popov.
Experimental studies
What was the main achievement of which became famous Popov Alexander Stepanovich?The invention of radio was the result of many years of research work of a scientist.His experiments on physicist radiotelegrafirovaniyu spent with 1897 on the ships of the Baltic Fleet.During his stay in Switzerland, assistant scientist casually mentioned that when there is insufficient excitation signal coherer begins to convert the high-frequency amplitude-modulated signal into a low frequency.As a result, it becomes possible to take it by ear.With this in mind, Alexander Popov modified receiver, insert the handsets in exchange sensitive relay.As a result, in 1901 he received the Russian franchise with priority on a new type of telegraph receiver.The first device Popov was a slightly modified sample of a training setting to illustrate the experiments of Hertz.At the beginning of 1895 Russian physicist, became interested in experiments Lodge, who improved coherer receiver and constructed, through which it was possible to receive signals from a distance of forty meters.Popov tried to reproduce the reception, creating its own version of the device Lodge.
features of the device Popov
coherer Lodge was presented in the form of a glass tube that was filled with metal filings, capable of sharply - several hundred times - to change its conductivity under the influence of the radio signal.To bring the device to its original position, it was necessary to shake the dust - so disturbed contact between them.The coherer Lodge was provided for an automatic drummer, who beat constantly on the tube.Popov has introduced an automatic link to the opposite diagram.As a result, the relay operates on radio and included a call.At the same time he runs a drummer who beat on a tube with sawdust.In carrying out their experiments Popov used Tesla's inventions in 1893 mast antenna grounding.
use the device for the first time Popov presented his device in 1895, the year on April 25 as part of the lecture "On the relation of the metal powder to the electrical oscillations."A physicist in his published description of a modified device marked its undoubted benefits, primarily for registering perturbations in the case of the atmosphere, and for lecture purposes.The scientist expressed the hope that his device can be used to transmit signals at a distance by rapid electrical oscillations will be detected as soon as the source of those waves.Later (from 1945) the date of presentation Popov became celebrated as Radio Day.His device physicist connected with the writing coil Bro.Richard, having received thus the instrument registering electromagnetic atmospheric fluctuations.Subsequently, this modification was used Lachinov, set "storm indicator" on the weather station.Unfortunately, the activities in the marine department Popov imposed certain restrictions.In this regard, observing the solemn obligation not to disclose information, physicist did not publish new results of their work as they were at the time sensitive information.
