In today's world, many countries are united in unions - political, economic, religious and others.One of the largest of the Soviet Union was.Now we are seeing the emergence of European, Eurasian and Customs Unions.
Customs Union was positioned as a form of trade and economic integration of a number of countries, which includes not only the common customs territory for mutually beneficial trade with the absence of duties and so on. D., But a number of points, regulating trade with third countries.This agreement was signed on 06.10.2007 in Dushanbe, at the time of its conclusion in the Union were the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan and Belarus.
first article of the agreement on the movement of goods within that territory, says the following:
- Customs duty is charged.And not only for the goods of its own production, but also to goods from third countries.
- There are no economic restrictions, except for compensation, anti-dumping.
- countries of the Customs Union apply a common customs tariff.
acting strangely and candidates
exist as a permanent member countries of the Customs Union, which had been its founders or entered later, and those who have just expressed their desire to join.
members:
- Armenia;
- Kazakhstan;
- Kyrgyzstan;
- Russia;
- Belarus.
Candidates for membership:
- Tunisia;
- Syria;
- Tajikistan.
Leaders CU
There was a special commission of the vehicle, which was approved at the time of the signing of the Customs Union.Her law is the legal basis for the organization's activities.The structure of the working and stay in these legal frameworks up to 1 July 2012, ie before the creation of the ECE.The supreme body of the union at the time yavlalas group of representatives of Heads of State (Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian Federation), Nursultan Nazarbayev (Kazakhstan), and Alexander Lukashenko (Belarus)).
at the level of Heads of Government were represented by prime ministers:
- Russia - Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev;
- Kazakhstan - Karim Massimov;
- Belarus - Sergey Sidorsky.
The purpose of the Customs Union
countries of the Customs Union under the main aim of creating a single regulatory body meant the formation of a common area, which will include several states and their territories abolished all duties on products.
second aim is to protect their own interests and markets in the first place - a bad, poor quality as well as competitive products, which makes it possible to iron out all the shortcomings in the trade and economic sphere.This is very important as protecting the interests of their own states, taking into account the views of members of the Union is a priority for any country.
benefits and prospects
The first benefit is obvious for those businesses that can seamlessly make purchases in neighboring countries.Most likely, it will be only large corporations and companies.As for the prospects for the future, contrary to some economists' forecasts that the Customs Union will entail lowering the wage level in the participating countries at the official level, the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan, said the hanging of salaries in the state in 2015.
That is why the world experience of such large economic entity can not be attributed to this case.Countries included in the customs union, let them not expect a fast but steady growth of economic ties.
Treaty
final version of the Treaty on the Customs Code of the Customs Union was adopted only at the tenth meeting, 26.10.2009.This pact was said about the creation of special groups which will monitor the activities to enact a consolidated draft treaty.
Customs Union countries had to 01.07.2010 to amend its legislation to eliminate inconsistencies between the Code and the Constitution.Thus it was created another contact group to resolve the problems associated with the differences between national legal systems.
have also been fine-tuned all the nuances associated with the CU territory.
territory of the Customs Union
Customs Union countries have a common customs territory, which is defined within the borders of states, signed a contract and are members of the organization.Customs Code, among other things, determines the expiration date of the commission, which has come July 1, 2012.Thus it was created a serious organization that has a lot more power and therefore more people in his state to fully control all the processes.January 1, 2012 officially started its work Eurasian Economic Commission (EAEC).
EAEC
in the Eurasian Economic Union includes member countries of the Customs Union: the founders - Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan - and has recently entered the state, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia.
Establishment EAEC implies a wider range of relationships in the freedom of movement of labor, capital, goods and services.Also it must always carry out a coordinated economic policy in all countries must make the transition to a single customs tariff.
total budget of the Union is formed exclusively in Russian rubles due to share contributions that make all participating countries of the Customs Union.Their size is regulated by the supreme council, which consists of the heads of these states.
working language for the regulation of all the documents became Russian, and the headquarters will be located in Moscow.The financial regulator EAEC - in Alma-Ata, and the court - in the Belarusian capital, Minsk.
Union Government
supreme governing body considered the Supreme Council, which includes the heads of the participants.
Next comes the Intergovernmental Council.It consists of the prime ministers, the main task of which is to consider the strategic issues of economic integration.
been established and the judicial authority which is responsible for the use of contracts in the framework of the Union.
Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) - the regulatory body that provides all the conditions for the development and functioning of the Union, as well as the development of new proposals in the economic field for the format of the EAEC.It is composed of ministers of the Commission (Deputy Prime Ministers of the Member States of the Union) and the Chairman.
main provisions of the EAEC Treaty
course, EAEC compared with TS not only has greater powers, but also a much more extensive and specific list of planned activities.This document does not have any general plans, and for each specific task is defined the way of its implementation and set up a special working group, which will not only monitor the implementation, but also to control its entire course.
The resulting agreement countries of the Customs Union, and now the EAEC, secured agreement on a coordinated work and the creation of common energy market.Work on the energy policy of sufficient magnitude and will be implemented in stages until 2025.
Adjustable paper and the creation of a common market of medical devices and drugs to January 1, 2016.
great importance given to transport policy in the territory of the EAEC, without which it will not be possible to create a single joint action plan.It envisages the development of a coherent agricultural policy, which includes the mandatory formation of veterinary and phytosanitary measures.
coordinated macroeconomic policy provides an opportunity to make a reality of all the conceived plans and arrangements.In such circumstances, the general principles developed communication and provide effective development of countries.
special place takes the overall labor market, which regulates not only the free movement of labor, but also identical conditions of work.Citizens who go on earnings in the country EAEC, now do not have to fill out immigration cards (in case if their stay does not exceed 30 days).The same simplified system will operate and medical care.Also addressed the issue of the export of pensions and seniority ranking, which was gained in the country-members of the Union.
Expert Opinions
list of the Customs Union in the near future may be supplemented by a number of States, but experts say that was evident full growth and impact on the Western similar associations by type of EU (European Union), it requires a lot of work and expansion of the organization.In any case, the ruble will not become an alternative to the euro or the dollar for a long time, and the impact of recent sanctions demonstrated how can work Western policy in favor of their own interests, and that in this case neither the Russian nor a union actually have nothing to do with it.As for the particularly Kazakhstan and Belarus, the conflict in Ukraine showed that they will not give up their benefits in favor of Russia.Tenge, incidentally, also has fallen dramatically due to the fall of the ruble.And on many issues, Russia remains the main competitor of Kazakhstan and Belarus.However, at the moment the creation of the Union is appropriate and the only solution that can help to somehow strengthen the relations between states in case of further pressure from the West on Russia.
now know which country in the Customs Union are more interested in its creation.Despite the fact that at the stage of its inception, it consistently pursued all sorts of problems, joint coordinated action by all members of the Union make it possible to resolve them as quickly as possible, which makes it possible to be optimistic about the future and hope for a speedy development of the economies of all the countries participating in this agreement.
