What is stress?What is it?The scientific literature is described as a state of mental and physical reaction to irritating or frightening situations that arise from time to time in life.Stress is also known as a protective mechanism, given to us by nature.But, sadly, in our lives it is increasingly working in favor, but against us, and can bring huge damage to both psychological and physical health.
Strength stress
So we already know that stress - is a universal reaction of the organism, which, if necessary, a switch serves as a necessary protective abilities of the human body.However, the stimulus must have great strength to the body, in addition to the basic mechanisms of protection, has decided to connect multiple reactions that share a common name of "stress".Today proved that strong stress is not only negative, but also positive for the body, neutralizing the effects caused by exposure to a strong irritant.By the way, the stress response is inherent not only to man but also other living beings.But as there is important social factor, the people most susceptible to stress.
effects of stress on the human
Doctors have proved that stress is a major cause of psychosomatic diseases.Regardless of age, sex, occupation, all groups exposed to stress.Moreover, its long-term exposure leads to such abuses as high blood pressure, irregular heartbeat and digestion, gastritis and colitis, headaches, decreased libido, and others.
Stress by Hans Selye
Canadian physiologist Hans Selye in 1936 for the first timethe world gave a definition of the concept of stress.According to him, the stress - it is a reaction of a living organism to internal or external severe irritation, while it should be less than the allowable limit of endurance.Thus, the body through the stress is struggling with any threats.This concept has been endorsed by many scientists and the basis for the teaching of it.Threats of this concept became known as stressors, which are divided into two main types: physical and psychological.The former include pain, heat or cold, any damage, accompanied by pain, and so on. D. And the psychological - resentment, fear, anger, and others.
Stress and distress
According to many scientists, not justStress is bad.It can have a positive effect on the body.Based on this, Hans Selye decided to divide this phenomenon into two types: stress and distress.The latter is harmful for us.It was in his body resulting in irreversible changes occur sometimes.For example, it was proved that stress increases the risk of heart attack almost doubled.
stages of stress
Naturally, the first and fundamental contribution to the study of stress stages also made Canadian scientist Hans Selye.In 1926, during the years of study in medical school, he discovered that the symptoms of patients with different diagnoses are very similar.This led Selye to think that organisms faced with the same powerful load begin to react to it the same way.For example, symptoms such as weight loss, weakness and lethargy, loss of appetite, observed with serious diseases such as cancer, a variety of infectious diseases, blood loss, and so on. D. Naturally, scientists began to torment the question of whatIt's connected.For 10 years he has worked in this area, there have been many studies.The results were very interesting, but the medicine did not want to accept them.According to Selye, the body, no matter how able to adapt as it was, with an extremely strong impact refuses to adapt.In addition, the scientist was able to find out what the different stimuli lead to the same biochemical changes in organ systems.Despite the skepticism of doctors, Selye did not stop there, and soon was able to prove that in this case it is the hormones play a crucial role.They involve stress.The steps of this phenomenon, according to Selye, are divided into the following stages: alarm, resistance and exhaustion.
Features of stress on each of the three stages
first - a preparatory stage, which is called anxiety.At this stage, there is an allocation of special adrenal hormones (norepinephrine and epinephrine), which prepare the body either to protect or to escape.As a result of sharply reduced its resistance to infection and disease.During this period also violated (decreases or increases) the appetite, there are failures in the process of digestion, and so on. D. If the trouble quickly resolved through a physical activity, these changes will soon have consequences.And in the case of long-term stressful situation, the body is exhausted.Some extremely powerful stressors can even lead to death.By the way, it can be both physical and psycho-emotional stress.The steps of this phenomenon, if there is ground for it, quickly replace each other.
The second stage is the stage of resistance (resistance).It occurs when the adaptation possibilities allowed to fight.At this stage, a person feels good, almost as much as in a healthy condition.However, it can manifest aggressiveness and irritability.
third stage of stress is exhaustion.It is by nature close to the first.The body after long exposure to stress is no longer able to mobilize its reserves.All the signs at this stage are similar to "cry for help".In the body, there are a variety of psychosomatic disorders.If this does not fight, then at this stage can develop severe disease, sometimes fatal.In that case, if the causes of stress are of a psychological nature, that is, there is emotional stress, that can lead to decompensation of major depression or nervous breakdown.At this stage the patient is in no way able to help themselves on their own, he needs professional help.
main types of stress
remember once again that this stress.This is a general (non-specific) reaction to physiological and physical effects.It manifests itself most often in the changing functions of various organ systems.The main types of stress are: physical (trauma, infection, and so on. D.) And emotional (emotional disturbances, feelings and so on. D.).In modern life, more isolated and professional stress.Step its flow just as in the case of other types.
Types of occupational stress
So, let's discuss what is characterized by a state of stress.As we know, often people are involved in any activity, and doing their job, are in constant tension, caused by a variety of extreme and emotionally negative factors.This is professional stress.There are several varieties of it, namely, informational, communicative and emotional.
In the first case, the stress arises from the fact that a person does not have time to cope with its task and make the right decision due to lack of time.The causes are many: uncertainty, lack of information, and so surprise. D.
Occupational stress is due to the communicative nature of the specific problems related to business communication.Its manifestations are irritability due to the inability to protect yourself from someone else's communicative aggression, inability to express their discontent and protect against manipulation.In addition, one important factor is the difference of style and pace of communication.
Well, emotional stress, as a rule, there is a fear of real or alleged danger from strong feelings of various kinds, as well as the feelings of humiliation, guilt, resentment or anger, leading to the rupture of business relations with colleagues and conflict with the management.
Positive and negative effects of stress
When we talk about this phenomenon, we mean something bad, negative.Nevertheless, it is not so.After all, stress is a defense mechanism, the body's attempt to adapt, that is unusual and to adapt to the new conditions for it.Of course, in this case it comes to emotional stress, and it turns out to be as "bad" or conversely, "good."In science, a good stress is called eustress.If it is not strong, such a state facilitates the mobilization of organism.The positive is also the stress of good emotions.For example, the biggest win in Lotto, favorite sports team victory, the joy of meeting with a person who has not seen for ages, and so on. D. Yes, joy - it is, though positive, but nevertheless stress.Stage of development, of course, not the same as described above.However, even positive stress can have negative consequences for some people, such as high blood pressure even such excitement contraindicated.Such stress, as you know, in most cases, is a short-term, short-lived.As for the negative, then it is called a condition caused by negative emotions.In science, it is denoted by the word "distress".It adversely affects not only the nerves, but also the immune system.If stressors are very strong, the body can not cope, and there will need the intervention of a specialist.
How to protect yourself from the stress of treatment and prevention
In our rapidly developing world is difficult to combat the negative effects of stress.And so it is practically impossible to avoid them.Emotional stress is most often observed in the minor people who love to feel sorry for yourself, slander, gossip, see the bad in everything.To avoid this, one must control their thoughts, to adjust itself to the good.You can engage in any socially useful activity, have an interesting hobby, going to the gym or pool, read interesting books and to visit museums, exhibitions and so on. D. But in life creates a situation where people are simply unable to independently cope with the emotional stress and itsnegative effects on the body.What do you do in this case?Of course, this should come to the aid of drugs: medicine and pills from nerves and stress.Many of them are made of different herbs.Contained in their composition substances have a beneficial effect on the nervous and immune systems.These plants include hawthorn, heather, valerian, oregano, passionflower, lemon balm, peony, hops, motherwort, and so on. D. That means a person can help and infusions of herbs, as well as the pill based on them.Buying pills from nerves and stress, look at their packaging.There certainly in the composition will be indicated, some of these plants.However, before taking them, it is better to consult a doctor.He will prescribe a comprehensive treatment using a variety of tools - both medical and psycho-emotional.
Preparations stress
drugs that are able to rest in a stressful situation, in pharmacology called tranquilizers.They relieve anxiety, allow the person to get rid of the obsessive negative thoughts, relax and soothe.It may be sleeping pills or muscle relaxants.Also in these cases, help nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs - benzodiazepines.They usually are fast.Within 30 minutes, can bring relief.These products are ideal during many nerves and attacks of panic attack.Other medicines that help in stressful situations and used to treat a condition of stress, are beta-blockers, antidepressants and others. The best preparation date have recognized "New Pass", "Persian", "Tenaten", "Nodepress" and others.
Stress and brothers our smaller
Not only people, but animals exposed to stress.For pets also invented a variety of drugs that help them in a situation of stress and relieve discomfort.Tablets for cats "Stop Stress" will help your pet feel great and not feel anxiety and other unpleasant sensations.There are similar drugs for dogs.Many four-legged subject to various phobias and pill "Stop-stress" - the best remedy for this.Reviews of dog owners say that after a few days of taking pets will behave like silk, and again will delight you with their affectionate behavior.
