What is the universe?The definition of this often uses the concept is not so simple.If formulated very concisely: this is all that there is.However, such an answer to the question of what the universe (definition), nothing really explains.Because we dwell on it in detail.
Two options
You can start with the fact that the concept of "Universe" is fundamental in two major sciences of all time: the philosophy and astronomy.In general, values similar words have a fundamental difference.In the first case under the speculative structure of the universe meant, in the second - financial.Strictly speaking, a detailed but clear definition of "universe - it ..." and in philosophy, and astronomy is missing.Thus each study, physical or mental, as the object is an element of the universe.
various sciences involved in the supervision of different parts of a whole, referred to as the universe.All are trying to reach its cosmology and astronomy.It is from the point of view of science in this article, and will be given an answer to the question of what the universe definition as a combination of space and time, the existing forms of matter, as well as control of the laws.
in the mists
If we look at history, the first hypothesis on this subject appeared in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.Submissions, which can be called scientific, appeared in antiquity.Headship was then such a determination: the universe - it is always the current structure, which is located in the center of the Earth.Around her in their orbits, according to the ideas of Aristotle, Ptolemy and Pythagoras, the planets rotate in the premises and the sun.Further other objects located on the Earth Star, also rotating around the center of the universe.
Serious revision of this picture of the world has undergone only after the appearance of the works of Copernicus and Newton.There heliocentric model.Discovery of galaxies, and other outer space objects and phenomena significantly complement representation scientists about the universe.Today the study of distant objects, the progressive development of methods of astronomy and space exploration have led to the emergence of a more or less clear understanding of the universe.However, the incoming data on a daily basis, often do not fit into existing theories suggest any definition of the word "universe" inconclusive.
composition
macrostructure of the universe can be described as a space having sponge-like structure.The walls of the structure formed by a huge number of galaxies.The distance between adjacent ones in most cases - about a million light years.
main elements of galaxies - stars, constantly rotating around a common center.The main agent comprising the star - is hydrogen.Among other elements it is fundamental in our universe.
Was it the beginning?
Age of everything - not as simple a question as it might seem.In order to answer it, to begin to accept the fact that the universe existed forever.For the world, accustomed to live according to religious canons, it was hard to try on the theory of the universe infinite in time.Also, after the scientific community hard to get used to the idea that the world was preceded by the appearance of an event - it is too reminiscent of the biblical creation.However, strong arguments did the big bang theory, which everyone's lips today, leading to cosmology.That it describes the beginning of the universe.According to scientists it was 13.7 billion. Years ago.
Big Bang
Dominational today theory suggests that the time of occurrence of the universe was accompanied by a big explosion, and its origin in the theory is not described.The enormous amount of energy has been compressed to the incredibly small size and began to expand.In this matter of the universe was hot to enormous temperatures.In such circumstances, we began to form the first elementary particles.One proof of the theory is considered to be a relict background radiation, the source of which was a big explosion.No hypothesis suggesting the eternal existence of the universe, can not explain it.
future
universe is expanding ever since.Existing models for describing the process does not converge in the main: in what will be the future of the entire system.There are two options:
- universe will expand forever.
- At some point, the reverse process begins, and all completed high compression.
The list of possible options for the finals also include theoretically possible big freeze, the heat death of the universe, and a big gap.
curvature of space
Another challenge that confronts scientists universe: the definition of its shape.She still has not found a solution.
Today is unclear and whether a flat space of the universe.A positive answer to this question makes it possible to use Euclidean geometry in the territories of cosmic scale.The vast majority of researchers are inclined to believe that the space of the universe really folds flat and has only in small areas.
closed or not?
Another interesting point: the theory of the big bang universe has no spatial boundaries as such, but may be limited.Understanding this fact will be easier if you imagine the scope: its surface has no borders, but is limited in size.A clear understanding of the spatial structure of the universe today, no.If she is like all of the same sector, then theoretically the motion in a straight line in any direction, sooner or later will pass through the point of its inception.
Another set of points require careful study.Technological progress and scientific knowledge has not yet reached the level where we are able to give a comprehensive answer to the question of what the universe.The definition that exists in astronomy and cosmology today has a large number of gaps and needs clarification.However, the rapid development of technology and of the scientific discoveries of recent years give hope that soon many gaps in knowledge are filled.
