Nikolai Gastello, a feat that is described in this article, was born in 1907 in Moscow and died in 1941.This review will attempt to briefly describe the most important moments of the life of Soviet Hero.
Who were the parents of the famous aviator?
was a Soviet military pilot, a party of three battles, the commander of the second squadron.He died at a military flight.Gastello - Hero of the Soviet Union.This title was awarded to Nicholas Frantsevich posthumously.
Who were the parents Gastello, a real hero?Father Nicholas Pavlovich called Franz Gastello.He was a Russian German.Born in the village of Pluzine.When started in 1900, I came to look for work in Moscow, where he began to work at the Kazan railway in foundries.His mother's name was Nicholas Anastasia Semyonovna Kutuzov.She was of Russian origin, worked as a seamstress.
So why Nikolai Gastello heroism committed?Maybe the answer is in his biography?It briefly consider career Nicholas.
Youth Gastello
From 1914 to 1918 Nikolay studied at the third men's Sokolniki city school named after Alexander Pushkin.The terrible famine of 1918 forced the parents time to take him from Moscow, so together with a group of schoolchildren, the Muscovites, he was sent to Bashkiria.
In 1919, Nicholas went back to Moscow, where he again went to school.Nikolai began to work in 1923, became an apprentice carpenter.Later, in 1924, the family moved to the town of Gastello Moore, where the young Nicholas became a mechanic at a locomotive plant them.Dzerzhinsky, where he worked as his father.In parallel with the work he graduated from high school (in today's time there is a school at No. 33).In 1928 he joined the Communist Party.In 1930, family members Gastello again returned to Moscow, Nikolai began to work in the first State Machine-Building Plant named.1st May.Nicholas lived in the village Khlebnikovo from 1930 to 1932.
service in the Red Army
In 1932, in May, according to a special set of Nicholas was drafted into the Red Army.And because this was sent to study at the Air Force Pilot School in the city of Lugansk.The training took place from May 1932 to December 1933.
He served in the eighty-second Heavy Bomber Squadron twenty-first Heavy Bomber Aviation Brigade, the base of which was in the city of Rostov-on-Don, in 1938.There he began a pilot to fly on the right side third on heavy bombers.And in 1934 (November) Nikolay already own managed aircraft.Could he think that in the future the feat - a feat pilot Gastello - will forever remain in the history of Russia?
first battle Gastello
As a result of the restructuring, in 1938, Nicholas was the first Heavy Bomber Regiment.In 1939, in May, he became commander, and about a year later - the deputy commander of the squadron.He participated in the battles at Khalkhin Gol, with one hundred and fiftieth fastest Bomber Aviation Regiment, which was subordinated to the first squadron of TBAP.There was also a participant in the Soviet Finnish battle and took part in the procedure for accession Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union from June to July 1940.Closer to the winter of that year, the aircraft of the move to Great Luke, to the western borders, and then in Aviagorodok near Smolensk.And in 1940, Nicholas was awarded the rank of captain.In 1941, in the spring, Nicholas took proper training and received at the disposal of the DB-3F aircraft.He was the commander of the fourth squadron of two hundred and seven long-range aviation regiment.
feat Gastello made after the increase, as is already the commander of the second squadron of the same part.
Crash
in 1941, and June 26, led by Captain Nicholas Frantsevich composed by Lieutenant G. Skorobogatov, AA Burdenyuk and with Sergeant AA Kalinin aircraft DB-3F departure was made in order to produce a bomb attack on a German mechanized line of the path Molodechno -Radoshkovichi.Departure held together with link of 2 bombers.Antiaircraft fire machine Frantsevich Nicholas was shot.
The enemy projectile caused damage to the fuel tank.Nicholas turned his burning plane in the center of the enemy's mechanized column.The feat Gastello (briefly) was to conduct a fiery ram.All crew members were killed.
According to Vorobiev and Rybas
June 26, 1941 left the composition, led by Captain Nikolai Gastello.Together with two heavy bombers DB-3F.The second plane managed senior lieutenant F. Vorobyov, as a navigator with him flew Lieutenant Anatoly Rybas.What was the name of 2 more crew members Vorobyov unknown.At the time of the attack of the German concentration techniques Gastello the plane was shot down.In the words of Vorobyov and Rybas, Gastello burning car produced ramming enemy mechanized column technology.At night, peasants from the village located near Dekshnyany pulled out the dead bodies of the pilots of the plane, wrapped corpses in parachutes and buried them near the crash site bomber.
learn all
Soon feat Gastello received wide press coverage.In 1941, July 5, in the evening in the summary of the Soviet Information Bureau for the first time it was mentioned about the act of Nicholas.Observers Pavlenko, P. Krylov wrote the article as soon as possible, "Captain Gastello", which was released in the newspaper titled "The Truth" morning of the 10th of July.
At dawn on July 6 at various venues pilots met at the front loudspeakers.The information passed on Moscow radio station announcer's voice seemed very familiar - immediately surfaced memories of home, Moscow.The announcer read a brief information about what makes the feat Gastello.A lot of people in different parts of the front of the speaker repeated the name of the hero - Captain Gastello.
Memories
Even before the war, when Gastello together with his father worked at the Moscow plant, about Nicholas told me that where he had not been appointed, on whatever work is not sent, and everywhere he set an example and was a model of hard work, persistence anddedication.He was a man to accumulate forces in a major case.
When he became a combat pilot, it immediately is justified.He was not a celebrity, but promptly walked to the popularity.The feat Gastello as later recalled, had to make.Why is that?Yes, because he was such a person!Every day it was held in an effort to do something for their country, every day life was a feat.
In 1939, he bombed the White Finnish military factories, bunkers and bridges in Bessarabia threw our paratroopers who were to prevent the looting of state.In the days of the Great Patriotic War Nikolay Franzevich - Chief of his squadron - the Nazi armored columns smashed, smashed to smithereens fighting facilities, a sliver of crushed bridges.Even then, the captain Gastello spread popularity in parts of the flight.
Act, which became historical
final feat Gastello not be forgotten ever in my life.July 3 under his command the captain Nikolai Franzevich fought in the air.Remotely, down on the ground, too, went the battle.Motorized part of the enemy made their way into Soviet territory.Blows of our artillery and aviation and stoppers held their course.In carrying out its fight Gastello not let out of sight and the battle ground.
During the battle the enemy carries a shell tank of his plane.The plane caught fire.The situation is, in fact, hopeless.
Captain Gastello not throw burning car.Down to earth, to the opponents it flies like a fiery comet, its aircraft.The fire already about the pilot.But the earth is near.Eyes Gastello hot from the flames, but it does not close them, and scorched hands still firm.Perish the plane still obeys the hands of a dying pilot.
aircraft Gastello wedged in the accumulation tanks and trucks, and a thunderous explosion rocked with long peals of air battle: the enemy tank to explode.Thus ends his life - not shameful captivity, not collapse, and deed!
date, known in history
we always remember and be remembered as the name of the hero - Captain Nikolai Gastello.The feat, which he committed, stripped him of his seven sons and a husband, but gave homeland hero and a chance to win.
memory will remain forever in the act of a man who took his death, making it a deadly weapon.This event took place on July 3 at argued it can not be unconditional.But it was July 3 - the date specified in the article "Captain Gastello".Most likely, this number was called in the Soviet Information Bureau report, which aired July 5 from loudspeakers.It should be noted that the article in "Pravda" has received considerable attention, and the feat Gastello was often used as an example in the Soviet propaganda.Nicholas was one of the few major and famous samples of valor.His feat will forever remain in the annals of the Great Patriotic War, as well as widely used as an example during the military-patriotic propaganda to form the world of young people, both in the period of the battle with the invaders, and in the postwar period, until the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Rank received posthumously
At the end of July 1942 the commander of two hundred and seven long-range aviation regiment was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.Posthumously, unfortunately NF Gastello, a feat that will live through the ages, has been presented to this title.
Decree of the Minister of Defense of the Soviet Union Captain Nikolai Franzevich permanently included in the list of one of the air regiments.For a long time this event was classified.Therefore, the crew, which included Skarabahaty GN, Kalinin AA, AA Burdenyuk, a long time in the shadow of his famous captain.But all the same award was given not only to N. Gastello.The feat was accomplished and his team.In 1958, all the dead crew members were awarded the Order of Patriotic War I degree.Posthumously.
«Gastellovtsy" - the pilot made "fiery ram»
efforts of Soviet propaganda feat Gastello Nicholas became one of the most famous in the history of the Great Patriotic War battle, and the name of the hero - famous."Gastellovtsami" became narekat those pilots who repeated the feat Nicholas.So who repeated the feat Gastello?
In total, over the time of the war of 1941-1945.It produced five hundred ninety-five "classical" air rams, namely aircraft aircraft.Five hundred and six rams aircraft ground targets, sea sixteen rams, this can be attributed to the number of marine pilots and captains surface and coastal targets enemy, one hundred and sixty armored rams.
There are different data about the number of rams
necessary to notice, that there is some discrepancy sources about the number of Collision attacks.For example, in the article "The followers of Nikolai Gastello" reportedly only about fourteen nautical and only about fifty-two armored battering ram ramming five hundred six aircraft ground target of six hundred atmospheric collisions.
AD Zaitsev in his book "Weapons of strong spirit," describes the number of air rams in the amount of more than six hundred and twenty.In addition, aviation historians have concluded that "the enemy is indicated in the papers more than twenty rams, which made Soviet pilots repeated the feat Gastello.The pilots up to this point have not been identified. "
no consistency in the assessment of the number of actual "fire rams."For example, Yuri Ivanov, in his own work "Kamikaze Pilots - suicide" notes the number of collisions produced by Soviet pilots from 1941 to 1945, "about three hundred and fifty."
At the end of the paragraph
It should also be noted that Soviet pilots rammed enemy many times.It should be at least roughly to list the main figures included in the historical chronicle of the war years.Thirty-four of the pilot used the air ram 2 times 4 pilot - Nikolay Terekhin, Vladimir Matveev, Leonid Borisov, Alexei Khlobystov - 3 times, and Boris Kovzan - 4 times.It is those who repeated the feat Gastello, set a goal - at any price, even the price - his own life, to save the country and the future of a free gift to others.Our small contribution to this - to keep the memory of those who are now due to this kind of life we have!
